Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What is a keloid scar?

1. AA scar that forms only on the inside of the body
2. BA wound that will not close at all
3. CA flat, pale scar that fades and softens over time
4. DA raised scar that grows beyond the edges of the wound

What does "coffee-ground" vomit usually indicate?

1. AUndigested food from several days ago
2. BBlood that has been partly digested by stomach acid
3. CBile coming back from an obstructed small bowel
4. DA side effect of drinking strong coffee

Apakah itu pemulihan dipertingkat selepas pembedahan (ERAS)?

1. ATeknik pembedahan yang mengelakkan keperluan untuk sebarang anestesia
2. BLaluan penjagaan yang membantu pesakit pulih lebih cepat selepas pembedahan
3. CPeraturan bahawa pesakit mesti kekal di katil selama tiga hari
4. DKaedah memberikan semua ubat melalui vena

Which advice helps a patient with haemorrhoids?

1. AEat less fibre so that stools are smaller
2. BSit on the toilet for long periods to empty fully
3. CTake a codeine-based painkiller every day
4. DEat more fibre, drink enough fluid and avoid straining

Dysphagia that started with solids and now includes liquids, with weight loss, most suggests which cause?

1. ASimple anxiety about swallowing tablets
2. BA narrowing such as an oesophageal tumour
3. CA dry mouth from drinking too little water
4. DNormal ageing of the swallowing muscles

Which advice helps prevent dumping syndrome after gastrectomy?

1. AThree large meals a day with plenty of sweet drinks with each meal
2. BSit upright and walk briskly straight after every meal
3. CA high-sugar diet with fruit juice to keep energy levels up
4. DSmall, frequent meals low in simple sugars, with fluids between meals

On the morning of elective hip surgery, a patient says she took her usual warfarin last night despite being told to stop. What should the nurse do?

1. AProceed with the usual checklist and say nothing
2. BGive a double dose of vitamin K by mouth without waiting for a prescription
3. CInform the surgical and anaesthetic teams, who will check the INR
4. DTell her the surgery must be cancelled for a month

Seorang pesakit yang menerima filgrastim (G-CSF) selepas kemoterapi bertanya kesan sampingan apa yang patut dijangka. Kesan sampingan manakah yang paling lazim?

1. APenurunan pantas kiraan sel darah putih
2. BKeguguran rambut sepenuhnya dalam beberapa hari selepas suntikan pertama
3. CSakit tulang yang menyengat, kerana sumsum tulang dirangsang
4. DKehilangan pendengaran yang kekal