Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch
2. BThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe
3. CThe patient is fully alert and anxious
4. DThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one

How is the length of a nasogastric tube usually estimated before insertion?

1. AFrom the mouth to the knee on the same side of the body
2. BAny length, as long as the whole tube is inserted
3. CFrom the chin to the umbilicus in a straight line
4. DFrom the nose tip to the earlobe, then to the xiphisternum

A patient receiving external beam radiotherapy asks whether they are radioactive. What is correct?

1. AYes, so they must avoid all contact with children and pregnant women
2. BOnly their clothes are radioactive afterwards
3. CYes, for one month after each session
4. DNo, they are not radioactive and can be with family

Which advice is appropriate for a patient with a very low platelet count?

1. AFloss hard every day to prevent gum disease
2. BUse a soft toothbrush and an electric razor
3. CUse a razor blade for shaving every day
4. DTake aspirin regularly for headaches

Which medicine commonly delays wound healing?

1. ALong-term corticosteroids
2. BSaline eye drops
3. CParacetamol
4. DVitamin C supplements

Why might a patient's platelet count be monitored while they receive heparin?

1. ATo detect heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
2. BTo check whether the heparin is causing anaemia
3. CTo measure the heparin dose in the blood exactly
4. DTo see whether the patient has an infection

Seorang pesakit kanser prostat yang diketahui melaporkan sakit belakang baharu yang bertambah teruk dan kelemahan kaki. Apakah tindakan yang paling penting?

1. AMengatur fisioterapi rutin untuk sakit belakang dalam masa sebulan
2. BMenasihati berehat di rumah dengan parasetamol dan semakan pada lawatan klinik seterusnya
3. CKemungkinan mampatan saraf tunjang: buat eskalasi, steroid seperti yang dipreskripsikan, MRI segera
4. DMenenangkan pesakit bahawa sakit belakang adalah lazim dan tidak serius

After a coughing fit, the external mark on a patient's nasogastric tube has moved 10 cm. Feed is due. What should the nurse do?

1. ADo not use the tube until its position is confirmed by policy
2. BPush the tube back to the original mark and start the feed
3. CGive the medicines only and save the feed for later
4. DStart the feed at a slow rate and watch for coughing