Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What is an ERCP?

1. AAn open operation to remove the gallbladder
2. BA CT scan of the abdomen without contrast
3. CAn endoscopic test to view and treat the bile and pancreatic ducts
4. DA blood test that measures pancreatic enzymes

What is the first aid for a dry chemical powder on the skin?

1. ABrush off the powder, then irrigate with plenty of water
2. BCover it with a tight dressing and wait
3. CAdd vinegar to neutralise it at once
4. DRub it in with a wet cloth to spread it thinly over the skin

What does the grade of a cancer describe?

1. AHow far the cancer has spread in the body
2. BHow many treatments the patient has had so far, including surgery
3. CThe patient's age when diagnosed
4. DHow abnormal the cancer cells look under a microscope

Which statement about pain relief in acute pancreatitis is correct?

1. AOpioids can be used, and good analgesia is a priority
2. BPain relief should be withheld until the diagnosis is certain
3. COnly paracetamol may be given
4. DOpioids must never be used in pancreatitis

What is achalasia?

1. AFailure of the lower oesophageal sphincter to relax on swallowing
2. BInflammation of the oesophagus caused by a fungal infection
3. CA tear at the junction of the oesophagus and the stomach
4. DWeakness of the lower oesophageal sphincter that allows reflux

Why is an ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) measured before compression bandaging for a leg ulcer?

1. ATo find out how deep the ulcer is
2. BTo check for a leg bone fracture
3. CTo exclude significant arterial disease
4. DTo find the bacteria in the wound

A patient with a severe flare of ulcerative colitis develops abdominal distension, fever and tachycardia, and the stool frequency has dropped. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AThe flare is getting better
2. BToxic megacolon
3. CSimple constipation from low intake
4. DHaemorrhoids caused by diarrhoea

After surgery, a patient says they have "no pain" but grimaces, breathes shallowly and refuses to move or cough. What should the nurse do?

1. ATell the patient firmly that they must stop hiding their pain from staff
2. BInsist they walk without any analgesia
3. CExplore their beliefs and explain how analgesia aids recovery
4. DAccept the statement and record a pain score of 0