Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renal dengan jawapan

How is the headache of a subarachnoid haemorrhage typically described?

1. ASlowly worsening over several weeks, worst in the morning
2. BSudden and severe, reaching its peak within about a minute
3. CA tight band around the head that comes and goes
4. DOne-sided and throbbing, with an aura beforehand

What does dysarthria mean?

1. AUnclear speech caused by weak or poorly coordinated speech muscles
2. BDifficulty swallowing food and drink safely
3. CInability to read or write after a brain injury
4. DLoss of the ability to understand spoken or written language

Which features suggest pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?

1. AFever, rigors and pain in the loin
2. BMild burning on passing urine only
3. CUrine that smells slightly stronger
4. DPassing urine more often at night only

Selepas trombolisis IV untuk strok, pemerhatian manakah yang paling penting dalam 24 jam pertama?

1. ASemakan neurologi dan TD yang kerap
2. BAliran puncak dan ketepuan oksigen setiap jam
3. CBerat harian dan imbangan cecair sahaja
4. DBunyi usus dan lilitan abdomen setiap jam

How does bladder training help urge incontinence?

1. AThe patient drinks as little as possible
2. BThe patient goes to the toilet every 15 minutes
3. CA catheter is used every night
4. DThe time between voids is slowly increased

Which finding most suggests fluid overload in a patient with chronic kidney disease?

1. ADark yellow urine and thirst
2. BA weight loss of 1 kg (2.2 lb) after a hot day
3. CA dry mouth and a low blood pressure when standing
4. DA weight gain of 2 kg (4.4 lb) in two days with ankle swelling

A patient with trigeminal neuralgia has lost weight and has poor oral hygiene. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AEncourage hard, crunchy foods to strengthen the jaw muscles
2. BTell the patient to stop brushing their teeth completely
3. CAdvise very hot drinks to relax the facial nerves
4. DOffer soft, lukewarm food and advise chewing on the unaffected side

The nurse has four patients with diabetes. Which one needs to be seen first?

1. AA patient with a glucose of 14 mmol/L (252 mg/dL) who feels well and is eating
2. BA patient with a glucose of 2.8 mmol/L (50 mg/dL) who is sweaty and confused
3. CA newly diagnosed patient asking about which foods to eat
4. DA patient waiting for a routine HbA1c test