Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renal dengan jawapan

Which statement about Huntington's disease is correct?

1. AIt is inherited and causes involuntary jerky movements
2. BIt is caused by a bacterial infection of the brain
3. CIt is cured by levodopa
4. DIt mainly affects children under the age of five years

Which features suggest pyelonephritis rather than simple cystitis?

1. AMild burning on passing urine only
2. BUrine that smells slightly stronger
3. CPassing urine more often at night only
4. DFever, rigors and pain in the loin

Jenis strok manakah yang paling lazim?

1. AStrok hemoragik akibat arteri pecah
2. BStrok iskemia akibat arteri tersumbat
3. CTrombosis sinus vena dalam otak
4. DPendarahan subaraknoid akibat aneurisme

A patient has confirmed meningococcal meningitis. What is usually offered to their close household contacts?

1. AA lumbar puncture to check for infection
2. BNo action unless they develop symptoms
3. CA full course of IV antibiotics in hospital
4. DPreventive antibiotics

Sebelum trombolisis IV untuk strok, had tekanan darah manakah yang lazim digunakan?

1. ATiada had tekanan darah
2. BDi bawah kira-kira 185/110 mmHg
3. CDi bawah kira-kira 90/60 mmHg
4. DDi atas kira-kira 200/120 mmHg

A patient with advanced CKD asks how to manage indigestion. Which option should they avoid?

1. AAvoiding large meals late in the evening
2. BRaising the head of the bed at night
3. CMagnesium-containing antacids
4. DEating smaller, more frequent meals

A patient's potassium is 7.1 mmol/L, and the ECG shows peaked T waves and broad QRS complexes. What is the first treatment?

1. AOral sodium bicarbonate
2. BIV calcium gluconate
3. CIV furosemide
4. DOral potassium binder

A patient with CKD has a potassium of 6.5 mmol/L. Which medicine combination is the most likely contributor?

1. AFurosemide, salbutamol and insulin
2. BAmlodipine, simvastatin and aspirin
3. CRamipril, spironolactone and trimethoprim
4. DParacetamol (acetaminophen), omeprazole and senna