Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renal dengan jawapan

Semasa sawan, apakah perkara yang paling berguna untuk direkodkan?

1. ASuhu pesakit pada akhir sahaja
2. BTekanan darah pesakit setiap minit sepanjang masa
3. CBila pesakit kali terakhir makan sesuatu
4. DBila ia bermula dan berhenti, dan bagaimana rupanya

Posisi kepala manakah yang lazimnya digunakan untuk pesakit dengan peningkatan tekanan intrakranial?

1. ABerbaring mendatar, dengan kepala dipalingkan jauh ke satu sisi
2. BKepala dinaikkan kira-kira 30°, dengan leher lurus
3. CDuduk tegak, dengan leher dibengkokkan ke hadapan
4. DKepala lebih rendah daripada badan (Trendelenburg)

Which statement about Huntington's disease is correct?

1. AIt is inherited and causes involuntary jerky movements
2. BIt is cured by levodopa
3. CIt mainly affects children under the age of five years
4. DIt is caused by a bacterial infection of the brain

Which nursing care is most important for a patient with diabetes insipidus?

1. AStrict fluid balance, daily weight and free access to water
2. BA strict fluid restriction to reduce the amount of urine passed
3. CGiving a loop diuretic to clear extra fluid
4. DWeighing the patient once a month

Which side effects are common with oxybutynin for an overactive bladder?

1. AA cough and a raised potassium
2. BWeight loss and a fast tremor
3. CDry mouth and constipation
4. DDiarrhoea and heavy sweating

Why is IV calcium gluconate given in severe hyperkalaemia?

1. AIt moves potassium into the cells
2. BIt binds potassium in the gut
3. CIt removes potassium through the kidneys
4. DIt protects the heart from arrhythmias

A nurse teaches a woman with recurrent UTIs. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will drink enough fluids during the day."
2. B"I will pass urine soon after sex."
3. C"I will wipe from front to back."
4. D"I will hold my urine for as long as I can."

A 66-year-old smoker has had two episodes of painless red urine. Urine cultures are negative. Which plan is most appropriate?

1. AAdvise more fluids and review in a year
2. BReassure him, because the blood has stopped
3. CAnother course of antibiotics for a UTI
4. DUrgent referral for cystoscopy and imaging