Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renal dengan jawapan

The nurse asks a patient to shrug their shoulders against resistance. Which cranial nerve is being tested?

1. AAccessory nerve (XI)
2. BFacial nerve (VII)
3. CTrigeminal nerve (V)
4. DHypoglossal nerve (XII)

A patient with Bell's palsy cannot close one eye fully. Which advice is most important?

1. ALeave the eye uncovered so air can dry it out
2. BWear contact lenses to keep the eye moist
3. CMassage the closed eyeball firmly several times every day
4. DUse lubricating eye drops and protect or tape the eye at night

Which serum sodium result shows hyponatraemia in an adult?

1. A142 mmol/L
2. B129 mmol/L
3. C147 mmol/L
4. D138 mmol/L

Before surgery for a phaeochromocytoma, why is an alpha-blocker started before any beta-blocker?

1. AAlpha-blockers lower the blood glucose before surgery
2. BThe order of the two drugs makes no difference
3. CA beta-blocker alone can cause a dangerous rise in BP
4. DBeta-blockers given first would make the tumour grow faster

A patient on insulin asks about drinking alcohol. Which advice is correct?

1. AAlcohol can cause hypos, even the next day, so eat carbs with it
2. BAlcohol raises glucose, so extra insulin should be taken first
3. CAlcohol has no effect on blood glucose in people with diabetes
4. DAlcohol should replace a meal on the days it is drunk

A patient with advanced CKD asks how to manage indigestion. Which option should they avoid?

1. AAvoiding large meals late in the evening
2. BEating smaller, more frequent meals
3. CMagnesium-containing antacids
4. DRaising the head of the bed at night

A nurse teaches a woman with recurrent UTIs. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will drink enough fluids during the day."
2. B"I will wipe from front to back."
3. C"I will hold my urine for as long as I can."
4. D"I will pass urine soon after sex."

Two days after an ileal conduit was formed, the stoma is dark purple and dry. What should the nurse do?

1. AChange the bag and check again next week
2. BRecord it as normal for a new stoma
3. CApply a warm compress to improve the colour of the stoma
4. DReport it urgently, because the stoma may be ischaemic