Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renal dengan jawapan

Apakah yang diberitahu oleh graviti spesifik air kencing kepada jururawat?

1. ASama ada air kencing mengandungi bakteria
2. BBetapa pekatnya air kencing
3. CBerapa banyak glukosa dalam darah
4. DBerapa banyak protein dalam air kencing

Which group of symptoms is classic for meningitis?

1. AFever, headache and neck stiffness
2. BJoint pain, rash on the cheeks and hair loss
3. CFlank pain, fever and painful urination
4. DChest pain, cough and wheeze

What is an arteriovenous fistula?

1. AA catheter placed into the abdominal cavity
2. BA blood clot that blocks an artery in the arm
3. CA surgical join between an artery and a vein
4. DA plastic tube placed in a large neck vein

Which side effects are common with oxybutynin for an overactive bladder?

1. AA cough and a raised potassium
2. BDiarrhoea and heavy sweating
3. CWeight loss and a fast tremor
4. DDry mouth and constipation

A urine dipstick is positive for nitrites. What does this suggest?

1. AThe patient is dehydrated and needs more fluid
2. BBacteria that convert nitrate are present
3. CThe urine has a lot of glucose in it
4. DThe kidneys are losing too much protein

An 85-year-old care home resident becomes newly confused and is falling more often. A UTI is one possibility. Why?

1. AConfusion is the only symptom of a UTI at any age
2. BA UTI cannot occur in people over 80
3. COlder adults often show infection as confusion
4. DUrinary infections always cause a high fever in older adults

A patient with suspected meningitis has a GCS of 9 and pupils that have become unequal. A doctor plans an immediate lumbar puncture. What is the main concern?

1. ARaised pressure in the skull, so the procedure could cause herniation
2. BA lumbar puncture would spread the infection to the blood
3. CThe patient is too confused to stay still, so it is not needed
4. DThere is no concern, because the lumbar puncture lowers pressure safely

A patient on levothyroxine has palpitations, weight loss and poor sleep. TSH is suppressed, and free T4 is high. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe dose is too low
2. BThe dose is too high
3. CA normal response to the drug
4. DThe thyroid has stopped working