Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renal dengan jawapan

Tindakan manakah yang mesti dielakkan pada lengan dengan fistula hemodialisis?

1. AMerasa fistula dengan perlahan untuk getaran (thrill)
2. BManset tekanan darah atau pengambilan sampel darah
3. CMenggerakkan lengan dengan cara biasa
4. DMembasuhnya dengan sabun dan air

Mengapakah imbasan CT kepala mesti dilakukan sebelum trombolisis untuk strok?

1. AUntuk menyingkirkan pendarahan, yang akan diburukkan oleh trombolisis
2. BUntuk melihat sama ada pesakit juga mengalami keretakan tengkorak
3. CUntuk menyemak sama ada pesakit pernah mengalami strok sebelum ini
4. DUntuk mengukur berapa lama dahulu gejala bermula

A patient with Bell's palsy cannot close one eye fully. Which advice is most important?

1. AMassage the closed eyeball firmly several times every day
2. BWear contact lenses to keep the eye moist
3. CLeave the eye uncovered so air can dry it out
4. DUse lubricating eye drops and protect or tape the eye at night

Bagaimanakah cecair dialisis peritoneal patut dipanaskan sebelum digunakan?

1. ADalam mangkuk air paip panas
2. BDalam ketuhar gelombang mikro
3. CDalam pemanas haba kering khusus
4. DIa patut digunakan sejuk terus dari peti sejuk

In the first trimester of pregnancy, why is propylthiouracil often preferred to carbimazole for hyperthyroidism?

1. APropylthiouracil has no side effects at all
2. BPropylthiouracil works faster than any other drug
3. CCarbimazole has a higher risk of birth defects early on
4. DCarbimazole cannot cross into the mother's blood

Why is once-daily prednisolone usually taken in the morning with food?

1. ABecause it cannot be absorbed at night
2. BBecause it causes drowsiness and is safer to take during the day
3. CBecause food doubles the strength of the dose
4. DTo match the natural cortisol rhythm and protect the stomach

A man who takes tamsulosin for BPH is listed for cataract surgery. Which statement is correct?

1. AThe eye surgeon must be told, as it can cause floppy iris during surgery
2. BIt should be swapped for oxybutynin the night before to protect the eye
3. CThe dose should be doubled before surgery to prevent urinary retention
4. DTamsulosin has no effects outside the urinary tract, so nothing changes

A patient's corrected calcium is 1.7 mmol/L (about 6.8 mg/dL). Which ECG change is most typical?

1. AA shortened QT interval
2. BTall, peaked T waves
3. CST elevation in all leads
4. DA prolonged QT interval