Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renal dengan jawapan

Dapatan manakah yang tipikal bagi diabetes insipidus?

1. AAir kencing cair dalam jumlah besar dan dahaga teramat sangat
2. BGlukosa darah tinggi dengan sejumlah besar glukosa dalam air kencing
3. CAir kencing yang sangat pekat dalam jumlah kecil
4. DPengekalan cecair dengan natrium serum yang rendah

Which symptoms are typical of uraemia in advanced kidney disease?

1. AHeat intolerance, tremor and weight loss
2. BItching, nausea, tiredness and poor appetite
3. CSevere flank pain with visible blood in the urine
4. DExcess thirst with a very high glucose

Which isolation precautions are used for a patient with suspected meningococcal meningitis?

1. ANo extra precautions, because it is not infectious
2. BContact precautions only, with gloves for skin contact
3. CDroplet precautions until about 24 hours of effective antibiotics
4. DAirborne precautions in a negative pressure room for 2 weeks

Selepas trombolisis IV untuk strok, pemerhatian manakah yang paling penting dalam 24 jam pertama?

1. ABunyi usus dan lilitan abdomen setiap jam
2. BBerat harian dan imbangan cecair sahaja
3. CSemakan neurologi dan TD yang kerap
4. DAliran puncak dan ketepuan oksigen setiap jam

Pada pesakit dengan kecederaan saraf tunjang akut di C6, gambaran manakah yang menunjukkan renjatan neurogenik?

1. ATekanan darah normal, nadi laju dan demam tinggi
2. BTekanan darah rendah, nadi perlahan dan kulit hangat serta kering
3. CTekanan darah rendah, nadi laju dan kulit sejuk serta lembap
4. DTekanan darah tinggi, nadi perlahan dan sakit kepala berdenyut

Which blood gas pattern is typical of acute kidney injury?

1. AHigh pH and high bicarbonate
2. BLow pH and high carbon dioxide only
3. CLow pH and low bicarbonate
4. DHigh pH and low carbon dioxide

A man who takes tamsulosin for BPH is listed for cataract surgery. Which statement is correct?

1. AIt should be swapped for oxybutynin the night before to protect the eye
2. BThe dose should be doubled before surgery to prevent urinary retention
3. CThe eye surgeon must be told, as it can cause floppy iris during surgery
4. DTamsulosin has no effects outside the urinary tract, so nothing changes

An adult stares blankly for about a minute, smacks their lips and fumbles with their clothes. Afterwards they are confused for ten minutes and remember nothing. Which seizure type fits best?

1. AAtonic (drop) seizure with a fall
2. BMyoclonic seizure
3. CFocal impaired awareness seizure
4. DAbsence seizure