Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renal dengan jawapan

What is the normal intracranial pressure in a resting adult?

1. AAbout 5–15 mmHg
2. BAbout 40–60 mmHg
3. CAbout 20–30 mmHg
4. DAbout 80–100 mmHg

Which side effect is linked to SGLT2 inhibitors such as dapagliflozin?

1. AHair loss
2. BOvergrowth of the gums
3. COrange urine
4. DGenital fungal infections

A patient with advanced CKD has a high potassium. Which foods are often limited?

1. AApples, berries and cabbage
2. BEgg whites, chicken and fish
3. CBananas, potatoes and oranges
4. DWhite rice, pasta and bread

Which blood gas pattern is typical of acute kidney injury?

1. AHigh pH and low carbon dioxide
2. BLow pH and high carbon dioxide only
3. CLow pH and low bicarbonate
4. DHigh pH and high bicarbonate

Which CSF result is most typical of bacterial meningitis?

1. ACloudy fluid, many neutrophils, low glucose and high protein
2. BClear fluid with normal cells, glucose and protein
3. CClear fluid, many lymphocytes, normal glucose and slightly raised protein
4. DBlood-stained fluid that clears in later tubes

A patient takes levodopa for Parkinson's disease. Which teaching point is correct?

1. AStop the drug for a day each week to avoid tolerance
2. BThe tablets work best taken with a large steak dinner
3. CLarge high-protein meals can reduce how well the drug works
4. DThe drug cures the disease if taken for a full year

A patient with Parkinson's disease becomes agitated and confused at night. Which newly prescribed drug should the nurse question?

1. AParacetamol (acetaminophen)
2. BLactulose
3. CMelatonin
4. DHaloperidol

Which patient with a spinal cord injury is at risk of autonomic dysreflexia?

1. AA patient with an injury at L5
2. BA patient with an injury at T4
3. CA patient with an injury at L3
4. DA patient with an injury at S2