Lembaran kerja Farmakologi dengan jawapan

Disulfiram is used in alcohol use disorder because it:

1. ACures liver damage caused by alcohol
2. BReplaces alcohol at its receptors in the brain
3. CRemoves alcohol from the blood faster
4. DCauses an unpleasant reaction if alcohol is drunk

After chemotherapy, what is the "nadir"?

1. AThe point when blood cell counts are at their lowest
2. BThe time when nausea is worst
3. CThe day the drug is given
4. DThe point when the tumour is at its smallest after treatment

Which of these drugs has a narrow therapeutic index?

1. AOmeprazole
2. BLithium
3. CLoratadine
4. DAmoxicillin

A patient is starting lamotrigine. Which adverse effect should the patient report at once?

1. AA brief change in taste
2. BSlight tiredness in the afternoon
3. CMild headache on the first day
4. DAny new skin rash

A woman taking the combined pill should seek care urgently for which symptom?

1. ASlight nausea in the first few weeks
2. BLight spotting between periods early on
3. CMild breast tenderness in the first month
4. DA painful, swollen calf or sudden chest pain

An adult patient is due to receive digoxin. The apical pulse, counted for a full minute, is 52 beats per minute. What should the nurse do?

1. AWithhold the dose and notify the prescriber
2. BGive the dose and recheck the pulse in one hour
3. CGive half the dose and document the pulse
4. DGive the dose with food to slow absorption

A patient with severe chronic hyponatraemia receives hypertonic saline. Why is the rate of correction strictly limited?

1. ARaising sodium too fast can cause osmotic demyelination in the brain
2. BRaising sodium too fast causes severe hypokalaemia and cardiac arrest
3. CFast correction causes immediate kidney failure
4. DHypertonic saline is toxic to the liver at high rates

Why may omeprazole be avoided in a patient taking clopidogrel?

1. AIt binds clopidogrel in the stomach and makes it insoluble
2. BIt speeds up kidney excretion of clopidogrel
3. CIt increases clopidogrel absorption from the gut and causes bleeding
4. DIt inhibits CYP2C19, so less clopidogrel is converted to its active form