Lembaran kerja Farmakologi dengan jawapan

Which antibiotic group shares the beta-lactam ring with penicillins?

1. AAminoglycosides
2. BCephalosporins
3. CMacrolides
4. DTetracyclines

What is a prodrug?

1. AA drug that is given before surgery
2. BA drug that is inactive until the body converts it into its active form
3. CA drug that prevents or reverses the effect of another drug in the body
4. DA drug that has passed all clinical trials

With patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), who should press the button to give a dose?

1. AAny visitor who thinks the patient is in pain
2. BThe nursing assistant at set times
3. COnly the patient
4. DA family member when the patient is asleep

An Rh-negative mother gives birth to an Rh-positive baby. When is anti-D immunoglobulin usually given?

1. AIt is not needed if the baby is Rh-positive
2. BOnly at the start of the next pregnancy
3. CAt least two weeks after the birth
4. DWithin 72 hours after the birth

Which patient should usually not receive a live vaccine?

1. AA patient with mild seasonal allergies
2. BA patient receiving chemotherapy for leukaemia
3. CA healthy adult nurse who works on a children's ward
4. DA healthy 1-year-old child

Apakah yang diterangkan oleh pelepasan (clearance) sesuatu ubat?

1. AIsi padu plasma yang dibersihkan daripada ubat per unit masa
2. BPecahan dos yang diserap
3. CJumlah ubat yang disingkirkan oleh satu sesi dialisis
4. DMasa yang diperlukan untuk ubat hilang sepenuhnya daripada plasma

Mengapakah dos gentamisin dipantau dengan paras darah?

1. AIa nefrotoksik dan ototoksik dengan indeks terapeutik yang sempit
2. BIa hanya berfungsi pada kepekatan yang sangat tinggi
3. CIa dimetabolismekan sepenuhnya oleh hati, jadi fungsi hati menentukan dos
4. DIa menyebabkan hipoglisemia teruk

A baby born to a mother on methadone becomes irritable on day 2, with a high-pitched cry, tremors, sneezing and poor feeding. What is the most likely cause?

1. ANormal newborn behaviour
2. BNeonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome
3. CVitamin K deficiency bleeding
4. DNeonatal hypoglycaemia from maternal diabetes