Lembaran kerja Farmakologi dengan jawapan

How does ezetimibe lower cholesterol?

1. AIt inhibits HMG-CoA reductase in the liver
2. BIt binds bile acids in the gut
3. CIt reduces the absorption of cholesterol from the intestine
4. DIt increases the excretion of cholesterol in the urine and bile

Why is adrenaline (epinephrine) sometimes added to a local anaesthetic injection?

1. AIt makes the anaesthetic act on the brain as well
2. BIt speeds up the removal of the anaesthetic from the tissue into the blood
3. CIt prevents allergic reactions to the anaesthetic
4. DIt constricts vessels, so the block lasts longer and less enters the blood

Which intramuscular site is recommended for infants?

1. ADeltoid
2. BVastus lateralis (outer thigh)
3. CDorsogluteal (upper outer buttock)
4. DVentral forearm

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with HIV. When should post-exposure prophylaxis start?

1. AAs soon as possible, and within 72 hours at the latest
2. BAfter one week, when the risk of infection is clearer
3. COnly after the nurse's HIV test turns positive
4. DOnly if the patient's viral load is above a set level

A patient with heart failure starts furosemide. Which self-monitoring instruction is most useful?

1. AMeasure the temperature twice a day and record it in a diary
2. BCount the respiratory rate each evening
3. CCheck the blood glucose before every meal
4. DWeigh daily at the same time on the same scales

Pecahan ubat dalam plasma yang manakah boleh sampai ke reseptor dan menghasilkan kesan?

1. APecahan terikat pada albumin
2. BPecahan terikat pada globulin
3. CPecahan tersimpan dalam sel darah merah
4. DPecahan tidak terikat (bebas)

A heparin infusion contains 25,000 units in 500 mL. The order is 1,000 units per hour. What rate should be set on the pump?

1. A10 mL/h
2. B20 mL/h
3. C50 mL/h
4. D25 mL/h

A patient taking metoprolol is also started on verapamil. Which adverse effect is most likely?

1. AHypoglycaemia and weight gain
2. BRebound tachycardia and hypertension
3. CSevere bradycardia and heart block
4. DHyperkalaemia and muscle weakness