Lembaran kerja Farmakologi dengan jawapan

Where should an adrenaline (epinephrine) auto-injector be given?

1. AInto a vein in the arm
2. BInto the abdomen under the skin
3. CUnder the tongue
4. DInto the outer thigh muscle

Which drug is an antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning?

1. AFlumazenil
2. BFomepizole
3. CAtropine
4. DNaloxone

Before giving any medication, how should the nurse identify the patient?

1. ACheck the room and bed number against the medication chart
2. BRead the name on the sign next to the door
3. CAsk "Are you Mr Jones?" and wait for a nod
4. DUse two identifiers, such as full name and date of birth

A parent will give a liquid medicine to a child at home. Which advice is safest?

1. AUse any kitchen teaspoon
2. BMix the dose into a full bottle of milk
3. CEstimate the dose by pouring the liquid into a small cup
4. DUse the oral syringe or measuring cup supplied with it

How should a hyoscine (scopolamine) patch for motion sickness be used?

1. ACut it in half for children without advice
2. BApply it behind the ear several hours before travel
3. CSwallow it if no water is available
4. DApply it to the chest only after the vomiting has started

Benzathine benzylpenicillin (penicillin G benzathine) is ordered. Which route is correct?

1. AIntravenous push
2. BIntravenous infusion over 30 minutes
3. CDeep intramuscular only
4. DSubcutaneous in the abdomen

Why is vincristine labelled "for intravenous use only – fatal if given by other routes"?

1. ASubcutaneous injection makes the drug inactive
2. BAccidental intrathecal injection causes fatal ascending neurotoxicity
3. COral vincristine causes immediate anaphylaxis
4. DIntramuscular injection causes severe and prolonged hypoglycaemia

A patient has SIADH with mild hyponatraemia and no neurological symptoms. What is usually the first-line treatment?

1. ALarge volumes of IV glucose 5%
2. BDesmopressin
3. CFluid restriction
4. DA rapid bolus of hypertonic saline