Lembaran kerja Farmakologi dengan jawapan

Naltrexone helps in alcohol use disorder because it:

1. ABlocks opioid receptors, reducing reward and craving
2. BSpeeds up the liver breakdown of alcohol
3. CCauses vomiting and flushing whenever alcohol is drunk
4. DReplaces alcohol as a sedative

What is the purpose of the Z-track technique for intramuscular injections?

1. ATo allow a larger volume to be given than with a standard injection
2. BTo make the injection faster
3. CTo stop the drug leaking back into the subcutaneous tissue
4. DTo avoid the need to clean the skin

Stimulation of which receptor increases heart rate and the force of contraction?

1. AMuscarinic M2 receptor
2. BBeta-2 adrenergic receptor
3. CAlpha-2 adrenergic receptor
4. DBeta-1 adrenergic receptor

A patient refuses a prescribed oral medicine. What should the nurse do?

1. AHide the tablet in the patient's food
2. BRecord the medicine as given, so that the chart stays complete for the next shift
3. CLeave the tablet on the bedside table for later
4. DExplore the reason, respect the decision, document and inform the prescriber

Which adverse effect is a well-known risk of zidovudine?

1. ARed–green colour blindness
2. BOrange-red colouring of the urine and tears
3. CGum overgrowth
4. DBone marrow suppression, especially anaemia

A malnourished patient with alcohol dependence needs IV glucose. Which vitamin should be given before or with it?

1. AVitamin K (phytomenadione)
2. BThiamine (vitamin B1)
3. CVitamin D
4. DVitamin C

A toddler swallowed many of his mother's iron tablets. He has vomiting and bloody diarrhoea. Which drug may be used to bind iron?

1. AActivated charcoal given by mouth
2. BNaloxone
3. CAcetylcysteine
4. DDeferoxamine (desferrioxamine)

Mengapakah penyekat beta boleh menyembunyikan tanda amaran hipoglisemia pada orang yang menghidap diabetes?

1. AIa menyebabkan hipertermia yang menyembunyikan peluh
2. BIa menumpulkan gejala adrenergik seperti gegaran dan jantung berdebar
3. CIa menaikkan glukosa darah supaya hipoglisemia langsung tidak boleh berlaku
4. DIa menyekat pembebasan insulin sepenuhnya