Lembaran kerja Farmakologi dengan jawapan

Drugs whose names end in "-sartan", such as losartan, belong to which class?

1. AACE inhibitors, which block the converting enzyme
2. BAngiotensin II receptor blockers
3. CLoop diuretics
4. DAlpha-1 blockers

Where is a sublingual tablet placed?

1. ABetween the cheek and the gum
2. BIn the stomach, swallowed with water
3. CUnder the tongue
4. DOn top of the tongue, then chewed

Dobutamine is mainly used to:

1. AIncrease heart contractility in cardiogenic shock or acute heart failure
2. BSlow the heart rate in fast atrial fibrillation with low blood pressure
3. CDissolve clots in the coronary arteries
4. DTreat high blood pressure at home

Why are benzodiazepines used with great caution in older people?

1. AThey are not absorbed from the gut after age 65
2. BThey raise the risk of confusion, falls and fractures
3. CThey cause permanent hearing loss in older people
4. DThey cause severe high blood pressure in older people

Which description fits tardive dyskinesia?

1. AA sudden painful spasm of the neck muscles and upward rolling of the eyes within days of the first dose
2. BA low white cell count with sore throat and fever
3. CInvoluntary movements of the lips, tongue and face after long-term antipsychotic use
4. DHigh fever with lead-pipe rigidity and confusion

A patient is starting olanzapine. Which monitoring is most important over the following months?

1. AWeight, blood glucose and blood lipids
2. BPeak expiratory flow
3. CHearing tests and vision tests every month
4. DINR and platelet count

Which strategy is most effective at preventing errors with IV insulin infusions?

1. AAn independent double check and a smart pump with a drug library
2. BWriting "U" for units on the order
3. CUsing insulin syringes to measure large IV volumes
4. DPreparing insulin infusions in advance and leaving them unlabelled

A patient on stable warfarin is prescribed a course of metronidazole. What is the likely effect, and what should the nurse expect?

1. AThe INR stays the same, as these drugs do not interact
2. BThe INR falls, so the risk of clotting increases
3. CMetronidazole replaces warfarin, so warfarin is stopped
4. DThe INR rises, so closer INR monitoring is needed