Werkblad Laboratoriumwaarden en elektrolyten met antwoorden

In a healthy adult, the CSF glucose is usually about what proportion of the blood glucose?

1. AAbout two-thirds (60%)
2. BAbout double (200%)
3. CExactly the same (100%)
4. DAbout one tenth (10%)

What is the difference between serum and plasma?

1. ASerum and plasma are two names for exactly the same fluid
2. BSerum is what is left after blood clots, minus clotting factors
3. CSerum contains all the red cells, while plasma contains none
4. DPlasma is the fluid left after blood clots, without fibrinogen

What does a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) show?

1. AInflammation somewhere in the body, without showing where
2. BDamage to heart muscle within the past few hours
3. CA low level of iron stored in the bone marrow
4. DA specific infection of the urinary tract by bacteria

A young adult with new diabetes has a very low C-peptide level. What does this suggest?

1. AThe pancreas is making very little insulin, as in type 1 diabetes
2. BThe kidneys are excreting all of the patient's insulin in urine
3. CThe patient has high insulin resistance, as in type 2 diabetes
4. DThe patient is injecting too much insulin and needs a lower dose

A patient's levothyroxine dose was changed today. When is the TSH usually rechecked?

1. AAfter about 1 year
2. BAfter about 3 days
3. CAfter about 6–8 weeks
4. DAfter about 24 hours

A breathless patient in the emergency department has a BNP below 100 pg/mL. What does this suggest?

1. AThe kidneys are failing and the patient needs dialysis
2. BHeart failure is an unlikely cause of the breathlessness
3. CThe patient has had a myocardial infarction in the past day
4. DSevere heart failure is certainly the cause of the problem

A stable patient's hemoglobin has been 13–14 g/dL for days. Today's result is 8,2 g/dL, but the patient feels well, the vital signs are normal and there is no bleeding. What should the nurse suspect first?

1. ASudden massive internal bleeding
2. BA normal day-to-day variation in Hb
3. CAcute bone marrow failure overnight
4. DA sample taken from the wrong patient

A man of Mediterranean descent develops dark urine, jaundice and a falling hemoglobin a few days after eating fava beans. Which condition is most likely?

1. AG6PD deficiency with acute hemolysis
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
3. CIron-deficiency anemia from poor diet
4. DSickle cell crisis with vaso-occlusion