Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: maag-darmstelsel, perioperatief en oncologie met antwoorden

What is the main purpose of a surgical wound drain?

1. ATo remove fluid or blood that collects at the operation site
2. BTo measure the patient's temperature
3. CTo give IV fluids and antibiotics straight into the wound bed
4. DTo feed the patient after surgery

In many adult guidelines, how long before an elective anaesthetic can clear fluids usually be drunk?

1. AUp to 12 hours before
2. BUp to 10 minutes before
3. CUp to 24 hours before
4. DUp to 2 hours before

Which features are typical of a superficial partial-thickness burn?

1. ADry, white, leathery skin with no pain
2. BBlisters, a moist pink base and severe pain
3. CCharred skin with exposed muscle and bone
4. DRedness only, with no blisters, like sunburn

Why do patients with major burns lose so much fluid in the first 24–48 hours?

1. AThe kidneys stop making urine completely
2. BThe burned skin absorbs fluid from the air
3. CLeaky capillaries let plasma move into the tissues
4. DPatients drink far too little in hospital in the first days

Wat is de rol van natriumbeperking en spironolacton bij cirrose?

1. ADe bloeddruk verhogen en de nierdoorbloeding verbeteren
2. BHet ammoniak in het bloed verlagen en encefalopathie behandelen
3. CHet kaliumverlies verhogen en hyperkaliëmie voorkomen
4. DNatrium- en waterretentie verminderen en ascites onder controle houden

Why is the Lund and Browder chart preferred to the rule of nines for children?

1. AIt adjusts for body proportions that change with age
2. BIt counts superficial burns as well
3. CIt is used only for burns of the hands
4. DIt is faster to use than any other method of estimation

An 80-year-old has a fluid balance 3 L positive two days after surgery. They are now breathless, with crackles at both lung bases and swollen ankles. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop the IV fluids, sit the patient up and escalate
2. BIncrease the IV fluid rate to improve kidney flow
3. CEncourage the patient to drink more fluids
4. DLie the patient flat with the legs raised

During burn resuscitation, a 70 kg adult's urine output has been 120 mL/h for 3 hours, and the face and limbs are very oedematous. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive a diuretic without discussing it
2. BStop all IV fluids completely and remove the catheter
3. CDiscuss reducing the fluid rate with the team
4. DIncrease the fluid rate to keep the output high