Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: maag-darmstelsel, perioperatief en oncologie met antwoorden

Hoe beschrijven patiënten neuropathische pijn meestal?

1. AEen krampende pijn die in golven komt
2. BEen kloppende pijn die alleen optreedt bij druk op het gebied
3. CBrandend, schietend of als elektrische schokken
4. DEen doffe pijn die erger wordt bij bewegen

Which two sites are most common for pressure ulcers in patients lying in bed?

1. AThe sacrum and the heels
2. BThe thighs and the upper arms
3. CThe forearms and the knees
4. DThe palms and the forehead

Why are pressure areas padded when a patient is positioned for surgery?

1. ATo keep the patient from moving during the operation
2. BTo prevent pressure injury and nerve damage
3. CTo warm the patient during the procedure
4. DTo make the operating table look tidy

Why is it important to prevent perioperative hypothermia?

1. AIt increases bleeding, wound infection and heart complications
2. BIt makes patients wake up from the anaesthetic too quickly
3. CIt reduces the amount of anaesthetic needed, which is unsafe
4. DIt lowers the risk of pain after surgery

Which statement about pain in older adults is correct?

1. APain is a normal part of ageing and does not need any treatment at all
2. BOlder adults feel less pain because nerves wear out
3. CThey may under-report pain, so active assessment is needed
4. DOpioids must never be used in people over 70

Which task for a stable patient with an established ileostomy can usually be delegated to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ADeciding whether IV fluids are needed
2. BEmptying the pouch and measuring the output
3. CAssessing the stoma for signs of necrosis
4. DTeaching the patient about high-output risks

After surgery, a patient keeps asking for analgesia before it is due, watches the clock and rates pain 8/10. What is the most appropriate interpretation?

1. APain may be undertreated; reassess and ask for a review of the plan
2. BThe patient is addicted and should have analgesia withheld
3. CThe patient is exaggerating, so the pain scores should be ignored for now
4. DThe patient needs only distraction and no change in drugs

A patient on modified-release morphine for cancer pain has needed four breakthrough doses every day for several days. What should the nurse do?

1. ATell the patient to put up with the pain between doses
2. BStop the breakthrough doses to reduce opioid use
3. CReport it, as the regular background dose may need review
4. DGive all breakthrough doses at the same time