Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: maag-darmstelsel, perioperatief en oncologie met antwoorden

Why are patients advised to stop smoking before surgery?

1. AIt lowers the risk of chest and wound complications
2. BIt is needed so that consent forms are valid
3. CIt stops patients from feeling hungry while fasting
4. DIt makes the anaesthetic work for a shorter time

In TNM staging of cancer, what does "N" describe?

1. AThe number of tumours in the body
2. BThe nerve damage caused by the tumour
3. CSpread to nearby lymph nodes
4. DThe new cells formed after treatment

Which feature is typical of an arterial leg ulcer?

1. AA painful, punched-out wound on a cold, pale foot
2. BA shallow, wet wound around the ankle with warm, swollen skin
3. CA painless wound on the shin with normal pulses
4. DA blister on the heel with plenty of hair growth

Which initial treatment is usual for symptomatic hypercalcaemia of malignancy?

1. AOral calcium tablets and vitamin D
2. BA high-calcium diet with extra milk
3. CFluid restriction and a thiazide diuretic
4. DIV fluids followed by an IV bisphosphonate

In welke periode na een operatie treedt wonddehiscentie het waarschijnlijkst op?

1. ABinnen het eerste uur
2. BOngeveer 5–10 dagen na de operatie
3. CMeer dan een jaar na de operatie
4. DAlleen tijdens de operatie

Which technique is correct when giving a prefilled low molecular weight heparin injection?

1. AExpel the air bubble first and inject into the deltoid muscle
2. BInject into a vein in the back of the hand
3. CRub the site firmly afterwards to help absorption
4. DLeave the air bubble in and inject into a skin fold

On day 5 after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes breathless, with sharp chest pain on breathing in, a pulse of 120/min and SpO₂ 89%. What should the nurse suspect and do first?

1. AAnxiety; give reassurance and repeat the observations in an hour's time
2. BSimple atelectasis; encourage walking around the ward
3. CWound infection; take a wound swab and wait for results
4. DPulmonary embolism; sit up, give oxygen and call for urgent help

A sacral wound has heavy exudate, and the surrounding skin is white, soft and wrinkled. What should the nurse do?

1. AProtect the skin edges and use a more absorbent dressing
2. BApply a tight plastic film directly over the wound
3. CUse a dressing that adds even more moisture
4. DLeave the same dressing in place for a week so the wound is not disturbed