Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: maag-darmstelsel, perioperatief en oncologie met antwoorden

In many adult guidelines, how long before an elective anaesthetic can clear fluids usually be drunk?

1. AUp to 12 hours before
2. BUp to 2 hours before
3. CUp to 24 hours before
4. DUp to 10 minutes before

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch
2. BThe patient is fully alert and anxious
3. CThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one
4. DThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe

Why is nail varnish or a gel nail often removed from at least one finger before surgery?

1. ABecause the varnish can make the anaesthetic gas less effective
2. BBecause it is a checklist rule with no clinical reason
3. CBecause varnish raises the patient's blood pressure
4. DSo pulse oximetry readings and nail colour can be assessed accurately

Which practice is correct when giving parenteral nutrition through a central line?

1. AGive other IV drugs through the same lumen to save time
2. BDisconnect and reconnect the line without cleaning the hub
3. CUse a dedicated lumen and strict aseptic technique
4. DLet the bag hang at room temperature for several days

When is cold therapy most useful for pain?

1. ASoon after an acute soft tissue injury, to reduce swelling
2. BDirectly on skin with poor circulation
3. COver numb areas where sensation is lost
4. DFor long-term muscle stiffness, applied continuously for several hours

Which presentation fits acute diverticulitis?

1. APainless jaundice with a palpable gallbladder
2. BCentral chest pain spreading to the left arm
3. CLeft lower abdominal pain, fever and a raised CRP
4. DRight upper abdominal pain after fatty meals

During burn resuscitation, a 70 kg adult's urine output has been 120 mL/h for 3 hours, and the face and limbs are very oedematous. What should the nurse do?

1. AIncrease the fluid rate to keep the output high
2. BStop all IV fluids completely and remove the catheter
3. CGive a diuretic without discussing it
4. DDiscuss reducing the fluid rate with the team

Op dag 6 na een buikoperatie zegt een patiënt dat er iets “meegaf” bij het hoesten, en is er darm zichtbaar in de wond. Wat moet de verpleegkundige onmiddellijk doen?

1. AAfdekken met met zoutoplossing bevochtigd steriel verband, de knieën buigen, de chirurg bellen
2. BDe wond onbedekt laten en de patiënt volledig rechtop in bed zetten
3. CDe darm voorzichtig terugduwen en de wondranden stevig aan elkaar plakken
4. DDe patiënt een lichte maaltijd geven om te kalmeren terwijl op het team wordt gewacht