Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: neurologie, endocrinologie en nieren met antwoorden

Which side effect is common when starting a GLP-1 receptor agonist such as semaglutide?

1. AWeight gain
2. BA dry cough
3. CHair growth
4. DNausea

Wat vertelt het soortelijk gewicht van de urine de verpleegkundige?

1. AHoe geconcentreerd de urine is
2. BOf de urine bacteriën bevat
3. CHoeveel eiwit de urine bevat
4. DHoeveel glucose er in het bloed zit

Which serum sodium result shows hyponatraemia in an adult?

1. A138 mmol/L
2. B147 mmol/L
3. C129 mmol/L
4. D142 mmol/L

A patient with myasthenia gravis wants to plan a busy day. Which advice fits the disease?

1. ADo demanding tasks in the morning or when the drug works best
2. BAvoid rest periods, because rest makes the weakness worse
3. CDo the hardest tasks in the evening when muscles are warmed up
4. DExercise to exhaustion so the muscles get stronger quickly

A patient is starting lamotrigine. Which teaching point is most important?

1. AReport any skin rash promptly, especially in the first weeks
2. BDouble the dose if a seizure happens
3. CTake it with a glass of grapefruit juice to improve its absorption
4. DExpect an orange tint to tears and urine

A patient has acute glomerulonephritis with oedema and high blood pressure. Which nursing care is most appropriate?

1. AMonitor BP, fluid balance and daily weight
2. BGive large amounts of IV fluid
3. CEncourage a high-salt diet to balance the fluids
4. DCheck the weight once a week

A patient with stable epilepsy on phenytoin started a new medicine last week. They now have nystagmus, an unsteady gait and slurred speech. What should the nurse do?

1. ASuspect a new stroke and give aspirin straight away before any scan
2. BSuspect phenytoin toxicity, hold the next dose and ask for a drug level
3. CGive the next phenytoin dose early to prevent a seizure
4. DEncourage the patient to walk more to improve their balance

A patient with suspected meningitis has a GCS of 9 and pupils that have become unequal. A doctor plans an immediate lumbar puncture. What is the main concern?

1. AThere is no concern, because the lumbar puncture lowers pressure safely
2. BRaised pressure in the skull, so the procedure could cause herniation
3. CA lumbar puncture would spread the infection to the blood
4. DThe patient is too confused to stay still, so it is not needed