Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: neurologie, endocrinologie en nieren met antwoorden

In countries with enough iodine in the diet, what is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

1. AAutoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's)
2. BToo much iodine in salt
3. CA pituitary tumour pressing on the gland
4. DThyroid cancer

What is exophthalmos?

1. ADrooping of one eyelid
2. BBulging of the eyes
3. CLoss of the outer eyebrows
4. DYellowing of the eyes

Which symptoms are typical of diabetic peripheral neuropathy?

1. AMorning stiffness of the small hand joints
2. BNumbness, tingling or burning in the feet
3. CPain in the calves that starts when walking
4. DA painful red, hot swollen big toe at night

Tijdens de behandeling van DKA daalt de glucose onder ongeveer 14 mmol/L (circa 250 mg/dL) maar zijn de ketonen nog verhoogd. Wat gebeurt er meestal?

1. ADe patiënt eet een maaltijd en de intraveneuze behandeling stopt
2. BHet insuline-infuus wordt direct gestopt
3. CAlle intraveneuze vloeistoffen worden gestopt om vochtoverbelasting te voorkomen
4. DEr wordt glucose aan het vocht toegevoegd; insuline gaat door

The day after a thyroidectomy, a patient reports tingling around the mouth and in the fingers. Why might this happen?

1. AThe parathyroid glands may have been damaged, lowering calcium
2. BThe anaesthetic has caused an allergic reaction
3. CThe thyroid hormone level has risen too high after surgery
4. DThe patient is breathing too slowly after the operation

Welke score op de Glasgow Coma Scale wijst er meestal op dat een patiënt mogelijk zijn eigen luchtweg niet kan beschermen?

1. A8 of lager
2. B11 of hoger
3. C15
4. D13 of lager

After a TURP, a patient on bladder irrigation has bladder spasms. The drainage has slowed and contains clots, and the bag holds less than the irrigant given. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive an antispasmodic and recheck in four hours
2. BEncourage the patient to strain to pass the clots
3. CTurn off the irrigation and leave the catheter alone
4. DSuspect a clot in the catheter and follow the protocol

A patient with myasthenia gravis took extra pyridostigmine doses. They now have more weakness, heavy salivation, sweating, diarrhoea, small pupils and a slow pulse. What is most likely?

1. AA normal response to a higher dose
2. BA myasthenic crisis from too little medication
3. CAn allergic reaction to the drug
4. DA cholinergic crisis from too much medication