Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: neurologie, endocrinologie en nieren met antwoorden

Welke kenmerken zijn typisch voor de ziekte van Addison (primaire bijnierinsufficiëntie)?

1. AVermoeidheid, gewichtsverlies, lage bloeddruk en donkere huid
2. BHoog natrium en laag kalium in het bloed
3. CGewichtstoename, hoge bloeddruk en paarse striae
4. DWarmte-intolerantie, tremor en uitpuilende ogen

What is stress urinary incontinence?

1. AConstant dribbling from an overfull bladder
2. BBeing unable to reach the toilet in time due to poor mobility
3. CLeaking after a sudden, strong urge to pass urine
4. DLeaking urine when coughing, sneezing or lifting

Which picture is typical of Guillain–Barré syndrome?

1. AA sudden one-sided facial droop with slurred speech
2. BA resting tremor that slowly spreads to the other hand
3. CMuscle weakness that worsens late in the day and improves with rest
4. DRising weakness from the legs, weeks after an infection

Which nursing action helps most to prevent and manage delirium in an older inpatient?

1. AUse glasses and hearing aids and reorient the patient often
2. BMove the patient to a different room each day for variety
3. CKeep the lights on all night so the patient can see clearly
4. DRestrain the patient so that they do not wander off the ward

Which picture fits Brown-Séquard syndrome?

1. AParalysis of both legs, with normal sensation everywhere in the body
2. BLoss of all feeling but normal movement on both sides
3. CWeakness on the same side and loss of pain on the opposite side
4. DWeakness of both arms with normal strength in the legs

After a change in the levothyroxine dose, when is the TSH usually rechecked?

1. AAfter about 2 years of treatment
2. BAfter 24 hours
3. CAfter 3 days
4. DAfter about 6–8 weeks

A patient has erratic glucose readings. The nurse finds a soft, rubbery lump where they always inject. What is the most important teaching?

1. ADouble the insulin dose because the lump blocks the insulin
2. BKeep injecting into the lump, because it hurts less there
3. CUse healthy sites and check glucose often, as less insulin may be needed
4. DMassage the lump firmly after every injection

Why may HbA1c be unreliable in a patient with haemolytic anaemia or a recent large blood transfusion?

1. ABlood transfusions contain large amounts of glucose
2. BIt depends on how long red blood cells survive in the blood
3. CAnaemia always makes the HbA1c very high
4. DThe test only measures the glucose in the plasma, not in the cells