Werkblad Medisch-chirurgisch: neurologie, endocrinologie en nieren met antwoorden

What does a complete spinal cord injury mean?

1. AThe patient can move but cannot feel below the injury
2. BAll vertebrae in the neck are broken
3. CNo movement or feeling below the injury, even in the sacral area
4. DThe spinal cord has been cut into two separate pieces

Which is a common effect of long-term corticosteroid treatment?

1. AWeight loss and a slim face
2. BThinning of the bones
3. CLow blood glucose
4. DA lower risk of infections

Wanneer moet een snelwerkende insuline zoals insuline aspart of lispro meestal worden gegeven?

1. AEén keer per dag, ongeacht de maaltijden
2. BOngeveer twee uur na een maaltijd
3. CVlak vóór of tijdens een maaltijd
4. DVoor het slapengaan, zonder eten

Before surgery for a phaeochromocytoma, why is an alpha-blocker started before any beta-blocker?

1. ABeta-blockers given first would make the tumour grow faster
2. BThe order of the two drugs makes no difference
3. CAlpha-blockers lower the blood glucose before surgery
4. DA beta-blocker alone can cause a dangerous rise in BP

A patient with Graves' eye disease has gritty eyes and swelling around them in the morning. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AUse lubricating drops and sleep with the head raised
2. BStay in bright sunlight to dry the eyes
3. CRub the eyes firmly each morning to reduce the swelling
4. DSmoking more will not affect the eyes

A patient with a spinal cord injury can still feel a light touch around the anus. What does this show?

1. AThe sensation is only a spinal reflex and has no real meaning for recovery
2. BThe injury is incomplete, which suggests a better chance of recovery
3. CThe patient has an injury of the brain, not the cord
4. DThe injury is complete, and recovery is not possible

Een patiënt met verhoogde intracraniële druk heeft endotracheaal uitzuigen nodig. Welke aanpak is het meest geschikt?

1. AVooraf extra zuurstof geven, elke zuigbeurt kort houden en het aantal beurten beperken
2. BElke 15 minuten routinematig uitzuigen, ook zonder secreties
3. CMinstens 30 seconden uitzuigen om alle secreties in één keer te verwijderen
4. DDe patiënt plat leggen met het hoofd gedraaid tijdens het uitzuigen

A patient had a witnessed tonic-clonic seizure. Afterwards their left arm is weak, and the weakness improves over the next few hours. What is the best interpretation?

1. ANormal postictal tiredness that needs no further assessment or imaging at all
2. BPossible postictal (Todd's) paresis, but a stroke must still be excluded
3. CA sign that the patient is pretending to be weak
4. DCertainly a stroke, so the seizure can be ignored