Werkblad Farmacologie met antwoorden

What is physical dependence on a drug?

1. AWithdrawal symptoms appear if the drug is stopped suddenly
2. BThe drug no longer has any effect, even at much higher doses
3. CThe person takes the drug only when needed
4. DThe person has an allergy to the drug

Finasteride is used in benign prostatic hyperplasia because it:

1. AIncreases testosterone production
2. BKills bacteria in the prostate
3. CInhibits 5-alpha reductase and slowly shrinks the prostate
4. DRelaxes smooth muscle in the prostate within hours of the first dose

Which antibiotic group shares the beta-lactam ring with penicillins?

1. AMacrolides
2. BCephalosporins
3. CAminoglycosides
4. DTetracyclines

100 mL of an antibiotic is to be given over 30 minutes using a giving set of 20 drops/mL. What is the drip rate?

1. AAbout 33 drops per minute
2. BAbout 67 drops per minute
3. CAbout 20 drops per minute
4. DAbout 100 drops per minute

A transplant patient takes tacrolimus. Which monitoring is most important?

1. APeak expiratory flow
2. BThyroid function and bone density
3. CSerum amylase
4. DBlood drug levels and kidney function

A patient with a peanut allergy is taught to use an adrenaline auto-injector. Which statement is correct?

1. AUse it only if the antihistamine has not worked after an hour
2. BThere is no need to see a doctor if the swelling goes down
3. CKeep it at home so it is not lost
4. DCall emergency services after using it, even if symptoms improve

A patient who takes clonidine stopped it suddenly two days ago. He is now agitated, has a headache and his blood pressure is very high. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ARebound hypertension from abrupt clonidine withdrawal
2. BNormal variation unrelated to the medication
3. CAn allergic reaction to clonidine
4. DClonidine toxicity due to slow excretion by the kidneys

A malnourished patient with low serum albumin shows nystagmus and unsteady gait. Her total phenytoin level is within range. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ALow albumin makes phenytoin bind more tightly, so the drug is less active
2. BMore phenytoin is unbound when albumin is low, so free levels rise
3. CLow albumin speeds up phenytoin metabolism
4. DThe total level is high, but the laboratory is wrong