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Naam: ____________________ Datum: ____________
1.Makkelijk
What does "polypharmacy" mean?
AThe use of many medicines at the same time, often five or more
BA pharmacy that stocks many different brands of the same drug
CUsing a drug at a very high dose
DTaking one drug in several different forms
2.Makkelijk
Why is methadone used to treat opioid use disorder?
AIt cures the liver damage caused by opioids
BIt is a long-acting opioid that prevents withdrawal and craving
CIt causes vomiting if other opioids are used
DIt is a pure opioid antagonist that blocks all opioid effects
3.Makkelijk
How does tramadol relieve pain?
AWeak opioid agonism plus inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline
BBlocking COX enzymes in the periphery
CBlocking sodium channels in peripheral nerves
DAntagonising NMDA receptors in the spinal cord and blocking sodium channels
4.Gemiddeld
A patient with Addison's disease on hydrocortisone develops a fever with flu. What is the usual advice?
AHalve the hydrocortisone to reduce side effects
BIncrease the dose as instructed (sick-day rules) and seek help if vomiting
CMake no change, as illness does not affect cortisol needs
DStop the hydrocortisone until the fever settles, to let the body recover
5.Gemiddeld
During adult cardiac arrest, how often is IV adrenaline (epinephrine) usually repeated?
AEvery 15–20 minutes
BEvery 3–5 minutes
COnce only, at the start
DEvery 30 seconds
6.Gemiddeld
Welke factor verhoogt het risico op lithiumintoxicatie?
ADe dosis met voedsel innemen
BExtra water drinken
CUitdroging
DEen zoutrijk dieet
7.Moeilijk
Why do infants absorb more of a topical corticosteroid than adults?
AInfants do not absorb topical drugs at all
BTheir skin contains no blood vessels
CThey have more skin area per kilogram and thinner skin
DTheir liver changes the cream into a much stronger form
8.Moeilijk
A patient with latent tuberculosis feels well and is not infectious. Why is treatment such as isoniazid still offered?
ATo cure an active lung infection
BTo prevent progression to active TB later
CTo stop the patient spreading TB at the moment
DTo produce a negative skin test quickly
Antwoordenblad
1. A · The use of many medicines at the same time, often five or more
2. B · It is a long-acting opioid that prevents withdrawal and craving
3. A · Weak opioid agonism plus inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline
4. B · Increase the dose as instructed (sick-day rules) and seek help if vomiting
5. B · Every 3–5 minutes
6. C · Uitdroging
7. C · They have more skin area per kilogram and thinner skin
8. B · To prevent progression to active TB later
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