Werkblad Farmacologie met antwoorden

Which vasopressor is usually first-line for septic shock that persists after fluids?

1. ANoradrenaline (norepinephrine)
2. BAdenosine
3. CIsoprenaline (isoproterenol)
4. DGlyceryl trinitrate

Why is folinic acid (leucovorin) given after high-dose methotrexate?

1. ATo treat an allergic reaction to methotrexate
2. BTo make methotrexate act faster on the tumour
3. CTo prevent nausea and vomiting after the methotrexate
4. DTo protect normal cells from methotrexate toxicity

Propofol is mainly used for:

1. ALong-term treatment of epilepsy at home by mouth
2. BTreating nausea after chemotherapy
3. CInducing and maintaining anaesthesia, and ICU sedation
4. DPain relief after surgery on the ward

Which adverse effect is a well-known risk of zidovudine?

1. ABone marrow suppression, especially anaemia
2. BGum overgrowth
3. COrange-red colouring of the urine and tears
4. DRed–green colour blindness

Which assessment is most important during IV mannitol therapy?

1. ALiver enzymes and signs of jaundice
2. BUrine output, electrolytes and signs of fluid overload
3. CBlood glucose before meals and signs of hypoglycaemia
4. DPlatelet count and signs of bleeding

During a rapid infusion of vancomycin, a patient develops flushing and a red rash on the face, neck and upper body. What is the most likely cause and action?

1. AA sign that the infection is spreading; give a second dose
2. BA normal effect; increase the infusion rate to finish sooner
3. CAn infusion reaction; stop or slow the infusion and inform the prescriber
4. DAcute kidney failure; stop all IV fluids and antibiotics at once

A patient with Parkinson's disease has nausea. Why should metoclopramide be avoided?

1. AIt inhibits the absorption of all oral drugs
2. BIt blocks dopamine receptors in the brain and can worsen the parkinsonism
3. CIt causes severe diarrhoea in Parkinson's disease
4. DIt increases dopamine levels in the brain too much and causes psychosis

A patient taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist such as semaglutide has severe, constant upper abdominal pain spreading to the back, with vomiting. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AHypoglycaemia; the patient should eat sweets and continue as usual
2. BConstipation; a laxative will solve the problem
3. CAcute pancreatitis; the drug is stopped and urgent assessment arranged
4. DExpected nausea; the patient should take the next dose with food