Werkblad Farmacologie met antwoorden

In hepatic encephalopathy, lactulose is given mainly to:

1. ALower the blood ammonia level
2. BReduce fluid in the abdomen
3. CStop bleeding from varices
4. DRaise the blood glucose level

Vitamin D supplements support bone health mainly by:

1. AIncreasing calcium absorption from the gut
2. BIncreasing calcium loss in the urine
3. CReplacing collagen in bone
4. DStimulating osteoclasts to break down bone

Why is magnesium sulfate given to a woman with severe pre-eclampsia?

1. ATo start labour contractions
2. BTo raise her blood pressure
3. CTo treat a urinary infection
4. DTo prevent eclamptic seizures

Why are patients taking simvastatin often advised to avoid large amounts of grapefruit juice?

1. AGrapefruit makes the tablet dissolve in the mouth
2. BGrapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 in the gut, raising simvastatin levels and myopathy risk
3. CGrapefruit blocks cholesterol absorption and causes low cholesterol
4. DGrapefruit speeds up simvastatin breakdown in the liver, so the drug stops working

Klassieke antipsychotica zoals haloperidol werken vooral door blokkade van:

1. ADe heropname van serotonine
2. BGABA-A-receptoren
3. CDopamine-D2-receptoren
4. DAcetylcholinesterase

Which signs suggest early lithium toxicity?

1. AVery high blood pressure and a severe headache
2. BPinpoint pupils and slow breathing
3. CHair loss and dark urine only
4. DDiarrhoea, vomiting, coarse tremor and drowsiness

Welk anti-epilepticum heeft het hoogste bekende risico op neuralebuisdefecten en ontwikkelingsproblemen bij gebruik tijdens de zwangerschap?

1. AGabapentine
2. BLamotrigine
3. CNatriumvalproaat
4. DLevetiracetam

Which finding most favours serotonin syndrome over neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

1. ASlow onset over days with lead-pipe rigidity
2. BRapid onset with hyperreflexia and clonus
3. CRecent start of an antipsychotic drug
4. DA very high creatine kinase