Werkblad Farmacologie met antwoorden

Waarom krijgen sommige mensen met hartziekten laaggedoseerd acetylsalicylzuur (aspirine)?

1. AOm pijn op de borst direct te verlichten
2. BOm de aggregatie van bloedplaatjes te verminderen en stolsels te voorkomen
3. COm de hartfrequentie te verlagen
4. DOm het cholesterolgehalte van het bloed te verlagen en plaques te stabiliseren

A patient taking furosemide is advised to eat potassium-rich foods. Which food is a good choice?

1. AButter
2. BBananas
3. CWhite rice
4. DEgg whites

Alendronate, used for osteoporosis, belongs to which class?

1. ACorticosteroids
2. BBisphosphonates
3. CThyroid hormones
4. DCalcium channel blockers

During an infusion of a vesicant chemotherapy drug, the patient reports burning, and the site is swollen. What should the nurse do first?

1. AStop the infusion, leave the cannula in and follow the protocol
2. BFlush the line with a large volume of saline
3. CIncrease the infusion rate to finish quickly
4. DRemove the cannula at once and massage the area firmly

A patient is starting lisinopril. Which rare but serious adverse effect should the nurse teach the patient to report immediately?

1. AA harmless rash on the palms of the hands
2. BDarker skin after exposure to sunlight
3. CSwelling of the lips, tongue or face
4. DAn increase in appetite in the evening

Why is directly observed therapy (DOT) often used for tuberculosis?

1. ATB drugs must always be given intravenously in hospital
2. BThe drugs work only if a nurse is present
3. CPatients with TB cannot swallow tablets
4. DTreatment lasts months, and missed doses cause resistance

A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis is about to start an IV insulin infusion. Serum potassium is 3,1 mmol/L (mEq/L). Why is this a concern?

1. AInsulin moves potassium into cells, so the level can fall dangerously low
2. BPotassium has no link with insulin, so the infusion is started as planned
3. CLow potassium makes insulin ineffective, so a higher dose is needed
4. DInsulin raises potassium further and can cause cardiac arrest, so the infusion is given faster

A patient taking hydralazine for several months develops joint pain, fever and a rash. Anti-histone antibodies are positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. AAn acute viral infection
2. BDrug-induced lupus
3. CGout
4. DRheumatoid arthritis