Werkblad Farmacologie met antwoorden

How does rasagiline help in Parkinson's disease?

1. AIt is converted directly into dopamine inside brain neurones
2. BIt blocks acetylcholine receptors in the gut
3. CIt blocks dopamine receptors in the brain
4. DIt inhibits MAO-B, so brain dopamine is broken down more slowly

Which drug is the antidote for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose?

1. AVitamin K
2. BFlumazenil
3. CNaloxone
4. DAcetylcysteine

What is drug synergism?

1. AOne drug cancels out the effect of another drug
2. BA drug loses its effect after repeated doses
3. CTwo drugs together produce exactly the sum of their separate effects
4. DTwo drugs together have a greater effect than the sum of each alone

During a rapid infusion of vancomycin, a patient develops flushing and a red rash on the face, neck and upper body. What is the most likely cause and action?

1. AA normal effect; increase the infusion rate to finish sooner
2. BAn infusion reaction; stop or slow the infusion and inform the prescriber
3. CAcute kidney failure; stop all IV fluids and antibiotics at once
4. DA sign that the infection is spreading; give a second dose

What should the nurse teach a patient about taking levothyroxine?

1. ATake it together with the iron tablet to save time
2. BTake it on an empty stomach, 30–60 minutes before breakfast
3. CTake it only on days when feeling tired
4. DTake it with milk at dinner, as calcium protects the stomach lining

After naloxone reverses an opioid overdose, why must the patient be watched closely?

1. ANaloxone makes the opioid stay longer in the body
2. BNaloxone often causes severe low blood glucose a few hours after the dose
3. CNaloxone itself causes respiratory depression at high doses
4. DNaloxone may wear off before the opioid does, so breathing can slow again

A patient on rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol develops a painful swollen big toe. Which drug is most likely responsible?

1. APyrazinamide
2. BRifampicin
3. CIsoniazid
4. DEthambutol

Which heart failure drug improves symptoms and reduces hospital admissions but has not been shown to reduce mortality?

1. AA beta blocker such as bisoprolol
2. BAn ACE inhibitor
3. CA mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist such as spironolactone
4. DDigoxin