Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolity: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Jaki jest typowy zakres referencyjny liczby krwinek białych u dorosłych?

1. AOkoło 25–40 × 10³/µL (25–40 × 10⁹/L)
2. BOkoło 4,5–11 × 10³/µL (4,5–11 × 10⁹/L)
3. COkoło 150–400 × 10³/µL (150–400 × 10⁹/L)
4. DOkoło 0,5–1,0 × 10³/µL (0,5–1,0 × 10⁹/L)

Which group of symptoms is linked to hypercalcemia ("stones, bones, groans and moans")?

1. AJaundice, itching, pale stools and dark urine
2. BHeat intolerance, tremor, weight loss and diarrhea
3. CKidney stones, bone pain, abdominal pain and confusion
4. DTetany, muscle cramps, tingling and seizures

What does a positive direct antiglobulin test (direct Coombs test) show?

1. AThe patient's platelets are clumping together in the blood sample
2. BAntibodies or complement are attached to the patient's red cells
3. CThe patient's plasma is missing the clotting factor VIII
4. DThe patient's red cells are too small and contain little hemoglobin

A patient on a heparin infusion has blood in the urine and an aPTT far above the target. The nurse stops the infusion and informs the provider. Which antidote should the nurse anticipate?

1. AVitamin K (phytonadione)
2. BCalcium gluconate
3. CNaloxone
4. DProtamine sulfate

A patient has macrocytic anemia with numbness and tingling of the feet and poor balance. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AIron (low ferritin)
2. BFolate (folic acid)
3. CVitamin B₁₂
4. DVitamin C (ascorbic acid)

A patient scheduled for surgery this morning has a potassium of 3,0 mEq/L on pre-operative tests. What should the nurse do?

1. AReport it to the surgical team before surgery
2. BSend the patient to surgery without comment
3. CRepeat the test after the surgery is finished
4. DGive an oral potassium dose without a prescription

Pacjent z nową zakrzepicą żył głębokich otrzymuje wlew heparyny, a właśnie rozpoczęto warfarynę. Dlaczego heparynę kontynuuje się przez kilka dni?

1. AWarfaryna działa tylko wtedy, gdy równocześnie podaje się heparynę
2. BHeparyna zwiększa wchłanianie warfaryny z jelita
3. CWarfaryna potrzebuje kilku dni, aby osiągnąć pełne działanie przeciwzakrzepowe
4. DHeparyna zapobiega działaniom niepożądanym warfaryny

The nurse teaches a patient who is starting warfarin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will have my INR checked as often as I am told to"
2. B"I will keep my intake of green leafy vegetables about the same"
3. C"I will tell my dentist and pharmacist that I take warfarin"
4. D"If I miss a dose, I will take two tablets the next day"