Wartości laboratoryjne i elektrolity: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which laboratory test is used to diagnose sickle cell disease?

1. ASerum ferritin and transferrin saturation
2. BHemoglobin electrophoresis
3. CProthrombin time with INR
4. DErythrocyte sedimentation rate

A raised lymphocyte count is most typical of:

1. AAllergic asthma
2. BIron deficiency
3. CBacterial abscesses
4. DViral infections

What is the effect of insulin on serum potassium?

1. AIt has no effect on potassium in any amount
2. BIt moves potassium out of cells, raising the serum level
3. CIt moves potassium into cells, lowering the serum level
4. DIt makes the kidneys keep more potassium in the blood

In the third trimester of pregnancy, a woman's alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is about twice the usual adult range, and the other liver tests are normal. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA sign of acute viral hepatitis
2. BA sign of blocked bile ducts
3. CA normal rise from placental ALP
4. DA sign of new bone cancer

Pacjent z zespołem nieadekwatnego wydzielania hormonu antydiuretycznego (SIADH) ma sód 128 mEq/L. Jakiego zleconego postępowania spodziewa się pielęgniarka?

1. AZachęcania do dodatkowego picia wody
2. BDużych objętości dożylnej 5% glukozy
3. CDiety ubogosodowej
4. DOgraniczenia płynów

A blood sample drawn just after a patient ate a fatty meal is reported as "lipemic." What does this mean for the results?

1. AHigh fat in the sample may interfere with some test results
2. BThe results are more accurate than in a fasting sample
3. CThe sample shows the patient has diabetic ketoacidosis
4. DThe sample was contaminated by an IV fluid with dextrose

A patient using an insulin pump has a glucose of 300 mg/dL (16,7 mmol/L) that has not fallen 2 hours after a correction bolus through the pump. Blood ketones are 1,8 mmol/L. What is the most likely problem and action?

1. AInsulin overdose from the pump; suspend the pump and stop all insulin for a day
2. BRebound after a hypo; give fast-acting carbohydrate and recheck in 15 minutes
3. CInsulin delivery failure; inject a correction dose by pen and change the set
4. DNormal pump function; wait for the next mealtime bolus to lower the glucose

A patient with diabetes had a glucose of 58 mg/dL (3,2 mmol/L), took 15 g of fast-acting carbohydrate and, 15 minutes later, the glucose is 64 mg/dL (3,6 mmol/L). The patient is alert. What should the nurse do next?

1. AWait until the next meal before giving anything
2. BGive another 15 g of fast carbohydrate and recheck
3. CGive a protein snack only and recheck tomorrow
4. DGive a long-acting insulin dose to stabilize it