Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What is metastasis?

1. AShrinking of a tumour after treatment
2. BThe first appearance of a tumour in a single organ of the body
3. CSpread of cancer cells to a distant part of the body
4. DHealing of tissue after a biopsy

Which lifestyle advice helps reduce night-time reflux symptoms?

1. ANo food for 3 hours before bed, with the head of the bed raised
2. BSleep flat on several pillows placed under the knees
3. CDrink a large glass of fizzy water before lying down
4. DHave the largest meal of the day just before going to bed to aid sleep

What does "coffee-ground" vomit usually indicate?

1. AUndigested food from several days ago
2. BA side effect of drinking strong coffee
3. CBile coming back from an obstructed small bowel
4. DBlood that has been partly digested by stomach acid

When is cold therapy most useful for pain?

1. ADirectly on skin with poor circulation
2. BFor long-term muscle stiffness, applied continuously for several hours
3. COver numb areas where sensation is lost
4. DSoon after an acute soft tissue injury, to reduce swelling

Jaka jest rola ograniczenia sodu i spironolaktonu w marskości?

1. AZwiększenie utraty potasu i zapobieganie hiperkaliemii
2. BZmniejszenie zatrzymania sodu i wody oraz kontrola wodobrzusza
3. CObniżenie amoniaku we krwi i leczenie encefalopatii
4. DPodniesienie ciśnienia krwi i poprawa przepływu krwi przez nerki

What is the main treatment for a venous leg ulcer with an adequate arterial supply?

1. AKeeping the leg hanging down all day
2. BStrong oral antibiotics for all ulcers
3. CSurgery to amputate the limb
4. DCompression therapy

A patient with a platelet count of 8 × 10⁹/L (8,000/µL) develops a sudden severe headache and confusion. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ANormal effects of chemotherapy
2. BIntracranial bleeding
3. CDehydration from poor intake
4. DA tension headache from stress

During radiotherapy to the chest, a patient develops pain on swallowing and is eating less. What is the most likely cause and nursing focus?

1. AA stomach ulcer; give an antacid after meals only
2. BRadiation oesophagitis; analgesia, soft food and nutrition support
3. CNormal ageing; no action needed
4. DA heart attack; give aspirin and arrange an ECG