Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: przewód pokarmowy, okres okołooperacyjny i onkologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which signs suggest early hypovolaemic shock after surgery?

1. ARising heart rate, cool skin and slow capillary refill
2. BNormal pulse with heavy sweating only after meals
3. CSlow heart rate, flushed skin and warm hands
4. DHigh blood pressure with a fast, bounding pulse

What is the main purpose of a biopsy when cancer is suspected?

1. ATo remove all the cancer at once
2. BTo confirm the diagnosis by examining tissue
3. CTo measure the patient's blood count
4. DTo give chemotherapy directly into the tumour

Which symptom is typical of haemorrhoids?

1. ABright red blood on the paper after opening the bowels
2. BVomiting of dark, coffee-ground material
3. CBlack, tarry stools with a strong smell
4. DYellow skin, dark urine and pale stools that float in the toilet

Before an anti-TNF biologic such as infliximab is started for Crohn's disease, which screening is essential?

1. AA bone density scan
2. BA test for coeliac disease
3. CA test of colour vision
4. DScreening for tuberculosis

Which statement about giving medicines through a feeding tube is correct?

1. AAll tablets can be crushed together and given at once
2. BModified-release tablets should not be crushed
3. CMedicines can be added to the bag of feed
4. DTubes do not need flushing between medicines

Czym jest niedrożność porażenna (paralytic ileus)?

1. AUtrata ruchów jelit bez mechanicznej przeszkody
2. BZablokowanie światła jelita przez guz
3. CSkręt jelita grubego odcinający jego ukrwienie
4. DZakażenie ściany jelita z gorączką

On day 5 after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes breathless, with sharp chest pain on breathing in, a pulse of 120/min and SpO₂ 89%. What should the nurse suspect and do first?

1. ASimple atelectasis; encourage walking around the ward
2. BWound infection; take a wound swab and wait for results
3. CAnxiety; give reassurance and repeat the observations in an hour's time
4. DPulmonary embolism; sit up, give oxygen and call for urgent help

During burn resuscitation, a 70 kg adult's urine output has been 120 mL/h for 3 hours, and the face and limbs are very oedematous. What should the nurse do?

1. AIncrease the fluid rate to keep the output high
2. BStop all IV fluids completely and remove the catheter
3. CDiscuss reducing the fluid rate with the team
4. DGive a diuretic without discussing it