Choroby wewnętrzne i chirurgiczne: neurologia, endokrynologia i nerki: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

Which group of features defines nephrotic syndrome?

1. APainful urination, fever and frequency
2. BHeavy proteinuria, low albumin and oedema
3. CSevere loin pain that spreads to the groin
4. DBlood in the urine, high BP and low urine output

Which symptoms are typical of cystitis (a bladder infection)?

1. APainless red urine with clots
2. BBurning on passing urine, frequency and urgency
3. CHigh fever, shaking rigors and pain in the loin
4. DSwelling of the ankles and frothy urine

Jak należy obracać pacjenta z podejrzeniem urazu kręgosłupa?

1. ATechniką „kłody” przez zespół, utrzymując kręgosłup w osi
2. BObracać najpierw w barkach, potem w biodrach
3. CPoprosić, by sam powoli się obrócił
4. DPodnieść za ręce i nogi przez jedną osobę

A patient has just started haemodialysis. What usually happens to their protein needs?

1. AThey increase, because dialysis removes amino acids
2. BThey fall to almost zero to rest the kidneys
3. CProtein must be replaced only by IV infusion
4. DThey stay exactly the same as they were before dialysis

A patient with Addison's disease takes fludrocortisone as well as hydrocortisone. Why?

1. ATo lower the blood pressure
2. BTo replace the missing aldosterone
3. CTo treat a low thyroid hormone level
4. DTo replace the missing adrenaline

After a lumbar discectomy, which finding should the nurse report promptly?

1. AA dry, intact wound dressing
2. BMild pain at the wound site
3. CStiffness when getting out of bed
4. DNew weakness or numbness in the legs

During a water deprivation test for suspected diabetes insipidus, the patient loses more than 3% of body weight and becomes hypotensive. What should the nurse do?

1. AContinue the test, because this result is expected
2. BGive desmopressin without a prescription
3. CGive the patient a large drink and then restart the test
4. DStop the test and inform the doctor

A patient with acromegaly snores loudly, stops breathing at times in sleep and is sleepy during the day. What is most likely?

1. AObstructive sleep apnoea
2. BAn anxiety disorder
3. CNarcolepsy
4. DNormal snoring