Pielęgniarstwo pediatryczne: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What causes scarlet fever?

1. AHuman herpesvirus 6
2. BVaricella-zoster virus
3. CStaphylococcus epidermidis
4. DGroup A streptococcus

Which pattern is typical of roseola infantum?

1. AItchy blisters in crops that crust over within days
2. BA rash that appears first, followed by a whole week of high fever and cough
3. CA bright red rash on both cheeks, like a slap
4. DHigh fever for a few days, then a pink rash as the fever settles

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

1. AInfection with rubella in early pregnancy
2. BA single gene inherited from both carrier parents
3. CA missing X chromosome in a girl
4. DAn extra copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21)

Which measure should be avoided in a sickle cell pain crisis?

1. ARegular pain assessment and analgesia
2. BWarm packs and gentle positioning
3. CCold packs on the painful area
4. DGenerous fluids by mouth or IV

A child weighs 20 kg. Which minimum urine output suggests adequate kidney perfusion?

1. AAbout 20 mL per hour
2. BAbout 5 mL per hour
3. CAny amount, as long as the child is drinking
4. DAbout 2 mL per hour

After a cardiac catheterisation through the femoral artery, which assessment is essential?

1. AUrine specific gravity at every void
2. BPulse, colour, warmth and sensation of the leg below the puncture site
3. CPupil size and reaction every 15 minutes
4. DBowel sounds, abdominal girth and stool colour every 15 minutes for the first hours

A family with a 2-year-old has a swimming pool in the garden. Which measure gives the most protection against drowning?

1. AArm floats whenever the child is near the pool
2. BExplaining to the child that the pool is dangerous
3. CA four-sided fence with a self-closing, self-latching gate, plus constant supervision
4. DSwimming lessons from age 2, so that close supervision is no longer needed

The nurse has taught the parents of a 1-year-old about car safety. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"We will not put her in the seat wearing a thick, padded coat."
2. B"Her rear-facing seat can go in the front passenger seat with the airbag switched on."
3. C"We will keep her rear-facing for as long as her seat allows."
4. D"We will make sure the harness is snug, with no slack at the shoulders."