Pielęgniarstwo pediatryczne: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What is the main feature of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in a child?

1. AA missing clotting factor with bleeding into joints
2. BA high red cell count with headache and flushing
3. CA low white cell count with repeated infections
4. DA low platelet count with bruising and petechiae

Which treatment, given early, reduces the risk of heart damage in Kawasaki disease?

1. AAntiviral medicine such as aciclovir
2. BInsulin and fluids
3. CIntravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
4. DOral antibiotics for 10 days

Which congenital heart defect causes cyanosis?

1. AAtrial septal defect
2. BTransposition of the great arteries
3. CPatent ductus arteriosus
4. DSmall ventricular septal defect with a left-to-right shunt

Which diet is usually advised for a child with nephrotic syndrome while there is oedema?

1. AA high-salt diet to replace losses in the urine
2. BNo added salt
3. CA carbohydrate-free diet to reduce fluid retention
4. DA protein-free diet to rest the kidneys completely

Which daily monitoring is most useful for a child with nephrotic syndrome?

1. AHead circumference and fontanelle tension
2. BPeak flow and oxygen saturation every morning
3. CBlood glucose before and after every meal
4. DWeight and urine dipstick for protein

What is the main purpose of medical play with a doll and real equipment before surgery?

1. ATo keep the child busy so the nurse can do other work
2. BTo test the child's intelligence
3. CTo let the child express fears and gain a sense of control
4. DTo teach the child how the surgeons will do the operation

In England, a 15-year-old asks a nurse for contraception and does not want her parents told. Which principle applies?

1. AThe nurse must inform her parents and her school straight away
2. BShe may consent herself if judged competent (Gillick and Fraser)
3. CShe can never receive contraception without written consent from a parent
4. DContraception may only be given once she reaches the age of 18

A child with a new forearm cast has severe pain not relieved by analgesia and screams when the nurse gently moves the fingers. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAnxiety; distract the child with play
2. BItching under the cast; give an antihistamine
3. CNormal pain after a fracture; give more time
4. DCompartment syndrome; report it at once