Farmakologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

What does the combined oral contraceptive pill contain?

1. ATestosterone and an oestrogen
2. BAn oestrogen and a progestogen
3. CA progestogen only
4. DOxytocin and a progestogen

Jaki typ receptora blokuje atropina?

1. AReceptory beta-1-adrenergiczne
2. BNikotynowe receptory w połączeniu nerwowo-mięśniowym
3. CMuskarynowe receptory acetylocholinowe
4. DReceptory histaminowe H1

Donepezil, used in Alzheimer's disease, belongs to which class?

1. ABenzodiazepines
2. BDopamine agonists
3. CSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
4. DAcetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A patient with heart failure starts furosemide. Which self-monitoring instruction is most useful?

1. AMeasure the temperature twice a day and record it in a diary
2. BCount the respiratory rate each evening
3. CWeigh daily at the same time on the same scales
4. DCheck the blood glucose before every meal

Methylergometrine (methylergonovine) is prescribed for postpartum bleeding. Which finding would make the nurse withhold it and check with the prescriber?

1. AHeart rate of 88 per minute
2. BHaemoglobin slightly below normal
3. CBlood pressure of 160/105 mmHg
4. DTemperature of 37,2 °C (99 °F)

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with HIV. When should post-exposure prophylaxis start?

1. AAs soon as possible, and within 72 hours at the latest
2. BAfter one week, when the risk of infection is clearer
3. COnly after the nurse's HIV test turns positive
4. DOnly if the patient's viral load is above a set level

A patient with severe liver cirrhosis takes oral propranolol, a drug with a high first-pass metabolism. What effect is expected?

1. AThe first-pass effect increases, so the drug becomes inactive
2. BThe drug is excreted faster by the kidney, so it works for a shorter time
3. CMore drug reaches the circulation, so a lower dose may be needed
4. DLess drug is absorbed from the gut, so a higher dose is needed

Why is pethidine (meperidine) avoided in older people and in kidney impairment?

1. AIt has no pain-relieving effect in older people
2. BIt causes severe hypoglycaemia in these groups
3. CIts metabolite norpethidine builds up and can cause seizures
4. DIt is not absorbed from the gut when kidney function is poor