Farmakologia: karta pracy z odpowiedziami

After chemotherapy, what is the "nadir"?

1. AThe point when blood cell counts are at their lowest
2. BThe point when the tumour is at its smallest after treatment
3. CThe day the drug is given
4. DThe time when nausea is worst

Clomifene is used mainly to:

1. AInduce ovulation in women with infertility
2. BStop postpartum bleeding
3. CTreat menopausal hot flushes and night sweats
4. DPrevent pregnancy

Naltrexone helps in alcohol use disorder because it:

1. AReplaces alcohol as a sedative
2. BSpeeds up the liver breakdown of alcohol
3. CBlocks opioid receptors, reducing reward and craving
4. DCauses vomiting and flushing whenever alcohol is drunk

Which patient should usually not receive a live vaccine?

1. AA healthy adult nurse who works on a children's ward
2. BA patient with mild seasonal allergies
3. CA patient receiving chemotherapy for leukaemia
4. DA healthy 1-year-old child

A patient takes cholestyramine. How should other oral medicines be timed?

1. ATake them all at the same time as cholestyramine
2. BTiming does not matter, as cholestyramine is not absorbed
3. CTake them 1 hour before or several hours after cholestyramine
4. DMix them into the cholestyramine drink so they are taken together

Why should loperamide usually be avoided in bloody diarrhoea with fever?

1. ASlowing the gut may keep bacteria and toxins in the bowel longer
2. BLoperamide makes the bleeding worse by blocking platelets
3. CLoperamide is an antibiotic that causes resistance
4. DLoperamide causes severe hypertension when there is an infection

A patient's record shows anaphylaxis to penicillin. Amoxicillin has been prescribed. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the amoxicillin with an antihistamine to prevent a reaction
2. BGive the amoxicillin, as it belongs to a different antibiotic group
3. CGive half the dose and observe for a reaction
4. DWithhold it and contact the prescriber, as amoxicillin is a penicillin

A patient has received a sodium nitroprusside infusion for several days. He becomes confused and develops a metabolic acidosis. What should be suspected?

1. AAn allergic reaction to the plastic of the infusion bag
2. BHypoglycaemia from nitroprusside
3. CHyperkalaemia from the infusion
4. DCyanide toxicity from nitroprusside breakdown