Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

What does ATP stand for?

1. AAmino triphosphate
2. BAdenosine diphosphate
3. CAdenosine triphosphate
4. DAdenine tetraphosphate

What are homologous chromosomes?

1. AChromosomes that are found only in gametes
2. BTwo identical copies of one chromosome made when DNA is replicated
3. CTwo chromosomes that are always the X and the Y
4. DA matching pair, one from each parent, that carry the same genes

What is a trait that is controlled by many genes called?

1. AA codominant trait
2. BA sex-linked trait
3. CA recessive trait
4. DA polygenic trait

Clostridium tetani grows in deep puncture wounds but is killed by oxygen. How is this bacterium described?

1. AAn obligate anaerobe
2. BA photosynthetic bacterium
3. CA facultative anaerobe
4. DAn obligate aerobe

Why can DNA profiling (fingerprinting) identify individual people?

1. ARepeated non-coding DNA regions vary in length between people
2. BEvery person has a different number of chromosomes in their cells
3. CDNA in blood differs from DNA in skin
4. DEach person's genes code for different amino acids

A thermometer gives readings of 36,1, 36,1 and 36,2 °C for a water bath that is really at 37,0 °C. How are these readings best described?

1. AAccurate but not precise
2. BBoth accurate and precise
3. CPrecise but not accurate
4. DNeither accurate nor precise

A food sample turns purple with biuret reagent but stays yellow-brown with iodine solution. What does the sample contain?

1. AFat but no protein
2. BBoth protein and starch
3. CProtein but no starch
4. DStarch but no protein

Plants in waterlogged soil take up fewer mineral ions, even when the ions are plentiful. What is the best explanation?

1. ARoot cells lack oxygen, so less ATP is made for active transport
2. BMineral ions only enter by osmosis, and osmosis stops in wet soil
3. CWater dilutes the ions so much that roots cannot detect them
4. DWaterlogged roots carry out more photosynthesis