Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

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1.Лёгкая

What does sterilisation mean?

  1. AWashing away visible dirt with water
  2. BKilling only the viruses on a surface
  3. CKilling or removing all microorganisms, including spores
  4. DReducing the number of microbes on the skin before an injection
2.Лёгкая

What does xylem carry in a plant?

  1. AOxygen from the leaves to the roots
  2. BSeeds from the flowers to the soil
  3. CSugars from the leaves to the roots
  4. DWater and minerals from the roots upward
3.Лёгкая

Which molecules, made by immune cells, bind to specific antigens?

  1. APhospholipids
  2. BAntibodies
  3. CHormones
  4. DEnzymes
4.Средняя

What is the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

  1. AIt stores genetic information in the nucleus
  2. BIt carries the code from DNA to the ribosome
  3. CIt brings single amino acids to the ribosome
  4. DIt forms part of the ribosome and helps join amino acids
5.Средняя

Which statement about Archaea is correct?

  1. AThey are multicellular plants
  2. BThey are eukaryotes that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
  3. CThey are a type of virus
  4. DThey are prokaryotes, and many live in extreme environments
6.Средняя

A patient's blood type is B positive. What does this mean?

  1. ATheir red cells carry the B antigen and the RhD antigen
  2. BTheir red cells carry no antigens at all
  3. CTheir red cells carry the A antigen and no RhD antigen
  4. DTheir plasma contains anti-B antibodies
7.Сложная

Plasmids with an ampicillin-resistance gene are mixed with bacteria, which are then spread on a plate containing ampicillin. Why do only a few colonies grow?

  1. AAll the bacteria die, and the colonies are fungi
  2. BOnly the bacteria that took up the plasmid can survive
  3. CAmpicillin makes some bacteria take up the plasmid
  4. DThe plasmid kills the bacteria that do not grow
8.Сложная

Why is one new DNA strand made in short pieces (Okazaki fragments) during replication?

  1. AThe lagging strand is made of RNA instead of DNA, so it must be built in pieces
  2. BOnly half of the DNA needs to be copied
  3. CHelicase cuts that strand into pieces before copying
  4. DDNA polymerase works only 5' to 3', and the strands are antiparallel

Ответы

  1. 1. C · Killing or removing all microorganisms, including spores
  2. 2. D · Water and minerals from the roots upward
  3. 3. B · Antibodies
  4. 4. D · It forms part of the ribosome and helps join amino acids
  5. 5. D · They are prokaryotes, and many live in extreme environments
  6. 6. A · Their red cells carry the B antigen and the RhD antigen
  7. 7. B · Only the bacteria that took up the plasmid can survive
  8. 8. D · DNA polymerase works only 5' to 3', and the strands are antiparallel

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