Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Which definition of a species is most often used for animals?

1. AA group that can interbreed and have fertile offspring
2. BAny organisms that look alike
3. CAll of the different organisms that live together in one area
4. DAll the animals that eat the same food

In biology, what is a clone?

1. AA genetically identical copy of an organism, cell or gene
2. BAn offspring of two different parents
3. CAn organism that carries genes from two different species
4. DA cell with an extra chromosome

What is a chromosomal deletion?

1. AA piece of chromosome that is turned around
2. BThe swap of a single DNA base
3. CAn extra copy of a whole chromosome
4. DThe loss of a piece of a chromosome

The results of an experiment do not support the hypothesis. What should the scientist do next?

1. ARevise the hypothesis and test it again
2. BStop doing any further research on the question
3. CReport that the hypothesis was proven correct
4. DChange the data so they fit the hypothesis

What is a prion?

1. AA fungal spore that infects the brain
2. BA misfolded protein that causes normal proteins to misfold
3. CA bacterium without a cell wall that lives inside nerve cells
4. DA very small virus with a DNA genome

Какая последовательность комплементарна цепи ДНК A-T-G-C-C-A?

1. AG-C-A-T-T-G
2. BT-A-C-G-G-T
3. CA-T-G-C-C-A
4. DU-A-C-G-G-U

Why can standard DNA profiling not tell identical twins apart?

1. ATwins always share the same fingerprints on their hands
2. BOnly one twin inherits the father's DNA
3. CIdentical twins come from one zygote and have the same DNA
4. DIdentical twins have no non-coding DNA

Mature human red blood cells have no nucleus and no mitochondria. What follows from this?

1. AThey keep making new haemoglobin throughout their life
2. BThey cannot divide and make their ATP by glycolysis only
3. CThey make ATP by aerobic respiration using the oxygen they carry
4. DThey live longer than almost all other body cells