Биология для вступительных экзаменов на сестринские программы: лист заданий с ответами

Какая органелла производит большую часть АТФ в эукариотической клетке?

1. AАппарат Гольджи
2. BЛизосома
3. CМитохондрия
4. DРибосома

Какая наименьшая единица считается живой?

1. AАтом
2. BТкань
3. CКлетка
4. DМолекула

What is a sister chromatid?

1. AA chromosome that is inherited from the mother only, never the father
2. BOne of the two sex chromosomes
3. CA small ring of DNA found in bacteria
4. DOne of two identical copies of a chromosome joined at the centromere

In a pedigree, a trait appears in every generation, and every affected child has at least one affected parent. Which inheritance pattern is most likely?

1. AAutosomal dominant
2. BX-linked recessive
3. CAutosomal recessive
4. DA new mutation in each generation

Identical twins raised in different homes have different body weights. What does this show?

1. ABody weight is controlled by a single gene
2. BThe twins must have different genotypes for body weight genes
3. CThe phenotype depends on environment as well as genotype
4. DMutations happened in every cell of one twin

Why are stains such as iodine or methylene blue added to cells on a microscope slide?

1. ATo make structures easier to see
2. BTo make the cells larger
3. CTo make the cells divide
4. DTo keep the cells alive for longer

A scientist wants to show that a particular microbe causes a disease. According to Koch's postulates, which step is needed?

1. AThe disease must be treated successfully with antibiotics
2. BThe microbe must be seen in the blood under a light microscope
3. CThe microbe must be found in healthy hosts just as often as in sick hosts
4. DThe microbe grown from a sick host must cause the disease in a healthy host

У обоих родителей группа крови O. Какую группу крови могут иметь их дети?

1. AТолько группу O
2. BТолько группу AB
3. CГруппу A или группу O
4. DЛюбую из четырёх групп