Лабораторные показатели и электролиты: лист заданий с ответами

What is a typical adult reference range for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

1. AAbout 10–20 mIU/L
2. BAbout 0,4–4,0 mIU/L
3. CAbout 0,01–0,04 mIU/L
4. DAbout 40–80 mIU/L

A raised alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is most typical of:

1. AInflammation of the lining of the urinary bladder
2. BBlocked bile flow or increased bone turnover
3. CLow production of hormone by the thyroid gland
4. DAcute damage to the heart muscle

Which body system shows the main symptoms of a low serum sodium?

1. AThe skeleton
2. BThe eyes only
3. CThe skin and hair
4. DThe nervous system

Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an oral potassium chloride supplement?

1. ATake it on an empty stomach with only a small sip of water to speed absorption
2. BTake it with food and a full glass of water, and do not crush extended-release tablets
3. CUse a salt substitute as well, so less of the tablet is needed each day
4. DCrush the extended-release tablets and mix them with a little water if needed

У пациента, принимающего фуросемид, калий 2,9 mEq/L. Какую находку ожидает медсестра?

1. AДиарею и спазмы в животе из-за усиленной перистальтики
2. BВысокие остроконечные зубцы T на ЭКГ
3. CПокалывание вокруг рта с положительным симптомом Хвостека
4. DМышечную слабость и судороги в ногах

A patient with hyponatremia from SIADH starts tolvaptan. Why is the serum sodium checked frequently in the first day?

1. AThe sodium always falls further
2. BThe drug lowers blood glucose sharply
3. CThe drug causes severe hyperkalemia
4. DThe sodium can rise too quickly

A patient with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis has a hemoglobin of 10,5 g/dL (105 g/L), a low serum iron, a low total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and a high-normal ferritin. Which condition fits best?

1. AVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
2. BAnemia of chronic disease (inflammation)
3. CAcute blood loss anemia
4. DIron-deficiency anemia

After lying on the floor for many hours, a patient has a CK of 40,000 U/L, a potassium of 6,1 mEq/L and dark urine. Which prescribed treatment is the priority?

1. AHigh-dose NSAIDs for the muscle pain
2. BAn oral potassium supplement with each meal
3. CLarge-volume IV fluids with cardiac monitoring
4. DFluid restriction to protect the heart from overload