Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

Какую жидкость обычно вводят первой при диабетическом кетоацидозе?

1. AВнутривенно 0,9% хлорид натрия
2. BСладкие напитки и воду внутрь
3. CВнутривенно стерильную воду для инъекций
4. DВнутривенно 50% раствор глюкозы

Which symptom is the classic warning sign of bladder cancer?

1. ASevere loin pain that comes in waves
2. BBurning pain on passing urine
3. CPainless visible blood in the urine
4. DLeaking urine when coughing

Which cranial nerves are mainly involved in the gag reflex?

1. AOlfactory (I) and optic (II)
2. BTrigeminal (V) and facial (VII)
3. CGlossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X)
4. DOculomotor (III) and abducens (VI)

Какой критерий острого повреждения почек (KDIGO) относится к диурезу?

1. AНиже 1 L за 24 часа независимо от потребления
2. BНиже 2 mL/kg/h в течение 1 часа
3. CЛюбое изменение цвета мочи
4. DНиже 0,5 mL/kg/h в течение 6 часов и более

Which long-term risk should a kidney transplant recipient be taught to reduce with sun protection?

1. AKidney stones
2. BGout
3. CHair loss
4. DSkin cancer

Why is levodopa combined with carbidopa (or benserazide)?

1. ATo prevent tolerance from developing to levodopa over time
2. BTo make levodopa cross into the brain more slowly and evenly
3. CTo add a separate effect that reduces the resting tremor directly
4. DTo stop levodopa being converted to dopamine outside the brain

A patient received IV insulin and glucose for hyperkalaemia an hour ago. What must the nurse monitor over the next few hours?

1. APupils, for raised intracranial pressure
2. BCapillary glucose, for hypoglycaemia
3. CUrine colour, for blood in the urine
4. DSkin, for a drug rash

A patient on IV gentamicin has a rising creatinine and a high trough level. What should the nurse do?

1. AEncourage more fluids and give the dose as planned
2. BGive the next dose early to clear the infection quickly
3. CStop measuring the drug levels
4. DHold the next dose and inform the prescriber