Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

Какой тип диабета чаще всего связан с диабетическим кетоацидозом (ДКА)?

1. AНесахарный диабет
2. BСахарный диабет 1 типа
3. CПредиабет
4. DСахарный диабет 2 типа, леченный только диетой

Какой уровень глюкозы крови обычно используют для определения гипогликемии у человека с диабетом?

1. AНиже 4,0 mmol/L (около 70 mg/dL)
2. BНиже 1,0 mmol/L (около 18 mg/dL)
3. CНиже 7,0 mmol/L (около 126 mg/dL)
4. DНиже 10 mmol/L (около 180 mg/dL)

Что полезнее всего записать во время припадка?

1. AТемпературу пациента только в конце
2. BКогда он начался и закончился и как выглядел
3. CАртериальное давление пациента каждую минуту
4. DКогда пациент в последний раз ел

Which nursing care is most important for a patient with diabetes insipidus?

1. AGiving a loop diuretic to clear extra fluid
2. BStrict fluid balance, daily weight and free access to water
3. CWeighing the patient once a month
4. DA strict fluid restriction to reduce the amount of urine passed

A patient on insulin asks about drinking alcohol. Which advice is correct?

1. AAlcohol has no effect on blood glucose in people with diabetes
2. BAlcohol can cause hypos, even the next day, so eat carbs with it
3. CAlcohol should replace a meal on the days it is drunk
4. DAlcohol raises glucose, so extra insulin should be taken first

A man starts tamsulosin for BPH. Which teaching point is most important?

1. AExpect the drug to shrink the prostate within a day
2. BStop it if the urine stream improves
3. CTake it with grapefruit juice to make it work better
4. DStand up slowly, because it can make you dizzy

A nurse teaches the family of a patient on insulin how to manage a severe hypo. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will put her on her side and call an ambulance straight away."
2. B"When she can swallow, I will give her a snack."
3. C"If she is unconscious, I will pour juice into her mouth."
4. D"I will give the glucagon as I was shown."

A patient with an external ventricular drain sat up in bed without help. The drain stayed at its old height, and the drainage bag filled quickly. The patient now has a headache. What is the concern?

1. AUnderdrainage, so the drain should be lowered further
2. BAn infected drain, so the dressing should be removed
3. COverdrainage of CSF, so act per protocol and inform the team
4. DNo concern, because more drainage always lowers the ICP safely