Терапия и хирургия: нервная, эндокринная системы и почки: лист заданий с ответами

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1.Лёгкая

Which fasting plasma glucose level is used to diagnose diabetes?

  1. A15,0 mmol/L (270 mg/dL) or higher
  2. B5,5 mmol/L (99 mg/dL) or higher
  3. C4,0 mmol/L (72 mg/dL) or higher
  4. D7,0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL) or higher
2.Лёгкая

Какой простой тест используют для скрининга стоп у людей с диабетом на потерю защитной чувствительности?

  1. AПроверка капиллярного наполнения пальцев рук
  2. BПрикосновение к подошве монофиламентом 10 g
  3. CИзмерение окружности голени
  4. DИзмерение капиллярной глюкозы крови на пальце ноги
3.Лёгкая

What is urge incontinence?

  1. ALeaking only when laughing, coughing or lifting heavy objects
  2. BLeaking because the toilet is too far away
  3. CDribbling because the bladder never empties
  4. DA sudden, strong need to pass urine, followed by leaking
4.Средняя

A patient has had a calcium oxalate kidney stone. Which advice best helps prevent another?

  1. ATake extra vitamin C supplements
  2. BDrink only a little to avoid diluting the urine
  3. CDrink plenty of fluid so the urine stays pale
  4. DCut all calcium out of the diet
5.Средняя

Why may a person with long-standing diabetes have a heart attack without typical chest pain?

  1. APeople with diabetes do not have heart attacks
  2. BNerve damage can blunt the pain signals
  3. CInsulin acts as a strong painkiller
  4. DHigh glucose protects the heart from pain
6.Средняя

A patient with migraine takes painkillers or triptans on most days and now has a headache almost every day. What is the likely problem?

  1. AMedication overuse headache
  2. BA brain tumour, which is almost certain
  3. CAn allergy to the painkillers
  4. DNormal progress of migraine
7.Сложная

A large pituitary tumour presses on the optic chiasm. Which visual field defect is most typical?

  1. AComplete blindness in one eye only
  2. BLoss of the inner half of the field in both eyes
  3. CLoss of central vision in both eyes
  4. DLoss of the outer half of the field in both eyes
8.Сложная

A patient with untreated end-stage kidney disease has chest pain that is worse lying flat and better sitting forward. A rub is heard over the heart. What is most likely?

  1. AUraemic pericarditis, which usually needs urgent dialysis
  2. BIndigestion from phosphate binders
  3. CA rib fracture from coughing
  4. DA stable angina attack, which needs only a nitrate spray and rest

Ответы

  1. 1. D · 7,0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL) or higher
  2. 2. B · Прикосновение к подошве монофиламентом 10 g
  3. 3. D · A sudden, strong need to pass urine, followed by leaking
  4. 4. C · Drink plenty of fluid so the urine stays pale
  5. 5. B · Nerve damage can blunt the pain signals
  6. 6. A · Medication overuse headache
  7. 7. D · Loss of the outer half of the field in both eyes
  8. 8. A · Uraemic pericarditis, which usually needs urgent dialysis

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