Сестринское дело в психиатрии: лист заданий с ответами

A patient with Alzheimer's disease holds his toothbrush but no longer knows how to use it, although his arm muscles work normally. What is this called?

1. AAkathisia
2. BApraxia
3. CAphasia
4. DAmnesia

What is anticipatory grief?

1. AGrief that is hidden from others because the loss is not openly recognised or socially accepted
2. BGrief that begins before an expected loss, such as during a terminal illness
3. CGrief that appears for the first time many years after a loss
4. DGrief that never ends and stops the person from functioning

A patient says, "If I don't get top marks, I'm a complete failure." Which cognitive distortion is this?

1. ACatastrophising
2. BMind reading
3. CAll-or-nothing thinking
4. DPersonalisation

How does obsessive-compulsive personality disorder differ from obsessive-compulsive disorder?

1. AIt is a lasting pattern of perfectionism and control without true obsessions and compulsions
2. BIt always involves repeated hand washing and checking rituals
3. CIt starts suddenly in later life after a stressful event and goes away on its own within a few months
4. DPeople with it always feel that their behaviour is senseless and unwanted

Which side effects are most common with quetiapine?

1. AA cough and swollen ankles
2. BHigh prolactin with breast enlargement in almost every patient
3. CSedation, dizziness when standing and weight gain
4. DInsomnia and severe weight loss

An 84-year-old asks for an over-the-counter sleep aid containing diphenhydramine. What is the main concern?

1. AIts anticholinergic effects can cause confusion, urine retention and falls
2. BIt has no effects at all in people over 80, so it will not help her sleep
3. CIt raises blood pressure to dangerous levels in older adults
4. DIt is a strong opioid that causes severe dependence

An 80-year-old patient taking a benzodiazepine for sleep fell at night on the way to the toilet. After checking her for injury, what is the most appropriate next step?

1. ADo nothing more, because falls are normal in older people
2. BGive an extra dose so that she sleeps through the night without getting up
3. CUse bed rails and a restraint every night to keep her safely in bed until the morning
4. DReport the fall, put falls precautions in place and ask for a review of her sleep medicine

A woman arrives in the emergency department after a sexual assault and has a cut on her head that is bleeding. What is the priority?

1. AAssess and treat her physical injuries, then offer forensic examination with her consent
2. BAsk her for a detailed account of the assault before any care
3. CCall the police and wait until they arrive before doing anything else, so that no evidence is lost by mistake
4. DCollect forensic evidence before treating any injuries